Allergic rhinitis is a symptomatic disorder of the nose induced after allergen exposure by an
immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated inflammation of the membranes lining the nose (1). It was …

Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma represent global health problems for all age groups.
Asthma and rhinitis frequently coexist in the same subjects. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact …

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) has evolved from a guideline by using the
best approach to integrated care pathways using mobile technology in patients with allergic …

This best-selling resource has a worldwide reputation as the leader in its field. Focusing on
human immunology and biology, while also reporting on scientific experimentation and …

Lasting immunity following SARS-CoV-2 infection is questioned because serum antibodies
decline in convalescence. However, functional immunity is mediated by long-lived memory T …

Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells play an important role in the allergic immune response to
house dust mite (HDM) allergens in humans. The group 1 allergen of Dermatophagoides …

Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has evolved into a pandemic
infectious disease transmitted by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS …

Rationale: Sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy is gaining popularity for treatment of
allergic diseases, but underlying immunological mechanisms are unresolved. Objectives: To …

Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily of cytokines, is a critical
controller of inflammation, immunity and fibrosis. It is rapidly released into the blood …

Modern health care requires a proactive and individualized response to diseases,
combining precision diagnosis and personalized treatment. Accordingly, the approach to …