This study was conducted to examine (1) whether an appropriate sputum can be obtained by inducing with inhalation of hypertonic saline in patients with chronic nonproductive cough and (2) whether eosinophils can be detected in the induced sputum. Appropriate samples were obtained by the induction in 25 of 31 patients with bronchial asthma (BA), 12 of 17 patients with cough-variant asthma (CVA), 17 of 20 patients with bronchodilator-resistant cough associated with atopy (atopic cough, AC), and 23 of 25 healthy subjects. Eosinophils were detected in the successfully induced sputum in 100%, 66.6%, and 88.2% of the patients with BA, CVA, and AC, respectively. Detection of eosinophils in induced sputum may be the initial diagnostic procedure for nonproductive cough of allergic nature.