T2 mapping of CT remodelling patterns in interstitial lung disease

Eur Radiol. 2015 Nov;25(11):3167-74. doi: 10.1007/s00330-015-3751-y. Epub 2015 Jun 3.

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate lung T2 mapping for quantitative characterization and differentiation of ground-glass opacity (GGO), reticulation (RE) and honeycombing (HC) in usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP).

Methods: Twelve patients with stable UIP or NSIP underwent thin-section multislice CT and 1.5-T MRI of the lung. A total of 188 regions were classified at CT into normal (n = 29) and pathological areas, including GGO (n = 48), RE (n = 60) and HC (n = 51) predominant lesions. Entire lung T2 maps based on multi-echo single shot TSE sequence (TE: 20, 40, 79, 140, 179 ms) were generated from each subject with breath-holds at end-expiration and ECG-triggering.

Results: The median T2 relaxation of GGO was 67 ms (range 60-72 ms). RE predominant lesions had a median relaxation of 74 ms (range 69-79 ms), while for HC pattern this was 79 ms (range 74-89 ms). The median T2 relaxation for normal lung areas was 41 ms (ranged 38-49 ms), and showed significant difference to pathological areas (p < 0.001). A statistical difference was found between the T2 relaxation of GGO, RE and HC (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The proposed method provides quantitative information for pattern differentiation, potentially allowing for monitoring of progression and response to treatment, in interstitial lung disease.

Key points: • Multi-echo single shot TSE sequence allows for entire lung T2 mapping. • Lung remodelling patterns in ILD show different T2 relaxation. • Quantitative T2 mapping may provide information for monitoring of ILD.

Keywords: Interstitial lung diseases; Magnetic resonance imaging; Multislice computed tomography; Pulmonary fibrosis; Quantitative evaluation.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Airway Remodeling / physiology*
  • Breath Holding
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Disease Progression
  • Electrocardiography / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / diagnosis
  • Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Lung / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung / pathology
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / diagnosis
  • Lung Diseases, Interstitial / diagnostic imaging*
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multidetector Computed Tomography / methods*
  • Multimodal Imaging / methods*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques / methods