This study investigated the relationship between parental self-efficacy and asthma-related morbidity. Participants included 139 parents of children (ages 5-8) who were diagnosed with asthma and were primarily from lower-income and minority backgrounds. Parents completed a 22-item measure of self-efficacy; factor analysis was conducted on this measure, yielding two factors: learned helplessness and self-efficacy. Correlational analyses indicated that higher scores on the learned helplessness factor were significantly related to increased asthma-related morbidity for the majority of morbidity variables. The self-efficacy factor was significantly related to days of school missed. Regression analyses conducted with the factor scores and the morbidity variables provide further support that the learned helplessness factor accounts for a significant amount of the variance in asthma morbidity for many of the variables studied, while the self-efficacy factor was related to only a few. Although improving health outcomes of children with asthma is a multifaceted process, the results of this study suggest that targeting parental self-efficacy, particularly with parents who are experiencing high levels of perceived learned helplessness, may be a helpful component of an intervention program with this population.