Chest
Clinical InvestigationsRespiratory Function in Adolescence in Relation to Low Birth Weight, Preterm Delivery, and Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
In the period between January 1, 1982, and December 31, 1982, all 6,011 births occurring in the city of Pelotas, in southern Brazil, were studied. These births represent 99.2% of deliveries in this city during this period. The mothers were weighed, measured, and interviewed concerning socioeconomic, demographic, gestational, and health-related issues. The 5,914 live births were weighed using regularly calibrated pediatric scales (Filizolla; São Paulo, Brazil) with 10-g precision. Since then,
Results
Of the 3,037 male subjects included in the cohort, 244 were born with LBW. Of these, 77.5% were located in 2000: 132 subjects were interviewed and 57 subjects were known to have died. Fifty-five subjects were not located, even after searching previous addresses. An additional 12 subjects attended the examination but due to logistic problems were not invited to the lung function tests. One hundred eighteen satisfactory pulmonary function tests were performed. There was one unsatisfactory
Discussion
The prospective design used in the present study has a number of advantages. Information on exposure—birth weight and gestational age—and confounders was carried out shortly after delivery, thus avoiding recall bias. The inclusion of all births occurred in the city in the perinatal study and the use of random samples in the subsequent follow-up surveys contributed to preventing selection bias. The 2000 research team was blinded to the information obtained earlier in the cohort. In addition, all
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We acknowledge the logistic support of the Brazilian Army, in particular Colonel J.C. Poppe, Major L.M. Coutinho, Captain J.L. Barros, and Mr. O Petiz, and the contribution of Jaqueline Joanol Dias.
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2017, Early Human DevelopmentCitation Excerpt :Similarly, Norwegian 25-year-old VPT males (N = 34) had significantly lower oxygen consumption than FT males (N = 33) [8], which suggests that respiratory system of PT individuals may be altered lifelong due to its immature status at birth. Namely, a small for gestational age (SGA) foetus adapts its growth progress in response to oxygen and nutrient restriction, which may in turn possibly lead to permanent structural and physiological changes in the lungs [29]. The latter, however, may not be associated with poor lung function per se [29], although it may well be indicated by the lower oxygen consumption of adult PT individuals [30].
Early growth characteristics and the risk of reduced lung function and asthma: A meta-analysis of 25,000 children
2016, Journal of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :The effect of birth weight was independent of preterm birth in both studies. However, studies among children showed conflicting results.12,13 We observed an association of lower birth weight with lower FEV1 independent of gestational age at birth.
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2013, Paediatric Respiratory ReviewsCitation Excerpt :The authors conclude that although the above association is poor, it indicates that intrauterine factors might have a role in lung growth and development. Additionally, results from other studies did not find a significant association between fetal undernutrition and lung dysfunction in adolescence and adulthood.56–59 The varying results of the above studies could be due to small sample sizes, biases associated with the retrospective collection of birth weight data, high proportion of persons lost to follow-up or lack of information on potential confounders and mediating factors that may operate through life course.
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2011, ThoraxCitation Excerpt :Barker's early study of adult ventilatory function and birth weight reported an association between lower birth weights and lower FEV1 in adulthood but did not report an association with a reduction in FVC.22 Since then, however, in spite of a few studies reporting no association between birth weight and subsequent ventilatory function,23–25 most studies have shown that the deficit in adult lung function associated with low birth weight is a deficit in FVC as well as FEV126 27 and not in the FEV1/FVC ratio.28–33 As cardiovascular disease is also closely associated with birth weig ht,34 this may also explain the association between lung function and cardiovascular mortality.
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This study was financed by the Programa Nacional de Nu' cleos de Excelencia (PRONEX), the Ministry of Health of Brazil, and the Wellcome Trust. Earlier phases of the cohort study were financed by the International Development Research Center, the World Health Organization, and Overseas Development Administration of the United Kingdom.
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