Chest
Volume 124, Issue 4, October 2003, Pages 1185-1187
Journal home page for Chest

Editorials
The Spectrum of Smoking-Related Interstitial Lung Disorders: The Never-Ending Story of Smoke and Disease

https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.124.4.1185Get rights and content

References (32)

  • CE Bartecchi et al.

    The human costs of tobacco use

    N Engl J Med

    (1994)
  • JL Myers et al.

    Respiratory bronchiolitis causing interstitial lung disease: a clinicopathological study of six cases

    Am Rev Respir Dis

    (1987)
  • M Fraig et al.

    Respiratory bronchiolitis: a clinicopathologic study in current smokers, ex-smokers, and never-smokers

    Am J Surg Pathol

    (2002)
  • American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Multidisciplinary Consensus Classification of the Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias

    Am J Respir Crit Care Med

    (2002)
  • CB Carrington et al.

    Natural history and treated course of usual and desquamative interstitial pneumonia

    N Engl J Med

    (1978)
  • WD Travis et al.

    Pulmonary Langerhans cell granulomatosis (histiocytosis X): a clinicopathologic study of 48 cases

    Am J Surg Pathol

    (1993)
  • Cited by (43)

    • Smoking Related Interstitial Lung Disease - High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) findings in 40 smokers

      2014, Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine
      Citation Excerpt :

      Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) was initially described by Liebow et al. (12), This disease is characterized by the widespread accumulation of intra-alveolar macrophages, with usually mild interstitial reaction, although some conditions may evolve to fibrosis and end-stage lung disease. Currently, it is well known that the histopathologic patterns of RB-ILD and DIP may overlap, and the key feature to differentiate both disorders is the distribution and extent of the lesions: bronchiolocentric in the RB-ILD, or diffuse in the DIP (4). It was previously considered that DIP was the early, cellular phase and UIP the later, fibrotic phase of the same disease (19,20) but they are now accepted as separate clinical-pathologic entities.

    • Cystic lung disease: Achieving a radiologic diagnosis

      2014, European Journal of Radiology
      Citation Excerpt :

      A variety of other smoking related pathologies including desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) and respiratory bronchiolitis associated interstitial lung disease (RB-ILD) maybe occur in conjunction with PLCH [12]. The primary target in all these smoking related lung diseases appears to be the terminal or respiratory bronchiole [13]. In some individuals with PLCH, the extent of RB-ILD/DIP on lung biopsy maybe very extensive [14].

    • Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: Decreased survival associated with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension

      2009, Chest
      Citation Excerpt :

      Thus, for example, in 2007 we described5 an accelerated variant of the disease in which patients consulted a physician a few months after the beginning of symptoms with severe physiologic impairment and showing a significantly lower survival rate. Also, it is well known that the disease occurs more frequently in smokers9,17,18 and that emphysematous changes develop in a number of these patients. In this context, the association of IPF with emphysema has been proposed as a new clinical entity in smokers or a different clinical phenotype in smokers developing IPF.

    • Essential role of osteopontin in smoking-related interstitial lung diseases

      2009, American Journal of Pathology
      Citation Excerpt :

      Recent microarray studies suggested an increase of OPN, a glycoprotein with cytokine-like properties, and a specific activation status of alveolar macrophage of cigarette smokers.13,21 Smoking-related interstitial lung diseases are characterized by macrophage accumulation and fibrotic remodeling of the lung.1–3 There is a clear link between cigarette smoke and induction of these diseases, however the responsible substances in cigarette smoke need to be identified.

    • Chest CT: Spectrum of normal findings

      2009, Journal de Radiologie
    • Smoking-related interstitial lung disease

      2008, Annals of Diagnostic Pathology
      Citation Excerpt :

      Respiratory bronchiolitis (RB), the accumulation of pigmented alveolar macrophages in respiratory bronchioles and distal air channels, is a common finding in cigarette smokers that can be seen incidentally in asymptomatic patients or as a lesion producing clinical symptoms (Fig. 1). First described in 1974 by Niewoehner and colleagues as an early lesion in the lungs of young cigarette smokers, RB was subsequently regarded as a marker of tobacco smoke exposure and the possible precursor lesion of centrilobular emphysema, but, in and of itself, was felt to have little clinical significance [9,15]. In a recent study of surgical lung biopsy specimens in patients with reliable smoking histories, Fraig and coworkers [16] found RB present in all smokers, in approximately 50% of ex-smokers (who had not smoked for 5 years or longer), and in none of the nonsmokers.

    View all citing articles on Scopus

    Reproduction of this article is prohibited without written permission from the American College of Chest Physicians (e-mail: [email protected]).

    View full text