Chest
Clinical InvestigationsCOPDPharmacoeconomic Evaluation of COPD
Section snippets
Patients
This study was a retrospective evaluation of patients with adiagnosis of COPD identified between January 1993 and December 1994.Patients aged 35 to 80 years without restriction to gender or race wereincluded. Patients with a diagnosis of COPD, emphysema, and/or chronicbronchitis as defined by the ATS were eligible to beincluded.7 Patients were included irrespective of whetherCOPD was the primary, secondary, most responsible, or a complicatingdiagnosis. Eligible patients had a maximum ratio ofFEV
Results
A total of 413 patients were initially identified and included inthe analysis. Patients were stratified by the severity of COPD based onFEV1% of predicted criteria. There were 209patients with stage I COPD, 114 patients with stage II COPD, and 90patients with stage III COPD. Demographic and clinical characteristicsof the study patients at the time of identification in 1993 or 1994 aresummarized in Table 2. Significantly fewer stage III patients were current smokers, comparedto stage I or stage
Discussion
To our knowledge, the results of our study represent the firstcomprehensive cost analysis of patients with COPD. The overall directmedical costs of treating COPD in the United States are substantial andhave been estimated to be just > $15 billionannually.3456 In our study, the severity of COPD and thetype of drugs used in the management of COPD influenced the subsequentcost of treatment. It is not surprising that patients with more severedisease had higher costs. Patients with stage II and
References (16)
- et al.
Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of a combination of ipratropium plus albuterol compared with ipratropium alone and albuterol alone in COPD
Chest
(1999) - et al.
Comparative cost-effectiveness analysis of theophylline and ipratropium bromide in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chest
(1993) - Benson V, Marano MA. Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1993. Washington, DC: National Center...
- Singh GK, Matthews TJ, Clarke SC, et al. Annual summary of births, marriages, divorces, and deaths: United States,...
Morbidity and mortality chartbook on cardiovascular, lung, and blood diseases
(May 1994)Pulmonary terms and symbols: a report of the ACCP-ATS Joint Committee on Pulmonary Nomenclature
Chest
(1975)Prevalence of selected chronic respiratory conditions: United States, 1970
(1973)- Collins JC. Prevalence of selected chronic conditions: United States, 1986–1988. Washington, DC: National Center for...
Cited by (236)
Drug combinations for inhalation: Current products and future development addressing disease control and patient compliance
2023, International Journal of PharmaceuticsQualitative emphysema and risk of COPD hospitalization in a multicenter CT lung cancer screening cohort study
2021, Respiratory MedicineCitation Excerpt :Projections estimate that $49 billion will be spent in the United States on medical treatment for COPD in 2020 [5]. The average hospitalization cost for a single episode of COPD exacerbation is approximately $7,100, and the aggregate of hospitalization costs accounts for 45–50% of COPD-related health care expenditures [6–10]. Smoking cessation programs, vaccination against pneumococcal pneumonia, and referral to a pulmonary specialist have all been shown to reduce hospitalizations and improve outcomes in patients with COPD [11–17].
Smooth Bayesian network model for the prediction of future high-cost patients with COPD
2019, International Journal of Medical InformaticsThe Challenge of Controlling the COPD Epidemic: Unmet Needs
2018, American Journal of MedicineManagement of acute COPD exacerbations in the internal medicine departments in Israel–a national survey
2023, Frontiers in Medicine
Funded by grants from the Health Futures Foundation, Omaha, NE, andBoehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT. Dr.Hilleman has received honoraria for lectures from Boehringer Ingelheim, Wyeth-Ayerst, Roche Pharmaceuticals,Pfizer, and Merck, Inc. Dr. Friedman holds grants from BoehringerIngelheim, Glaxo Wellcome, Inc., Merck, Inc., Schering Plough, andSmithKline Beecham.