Chest
Clinical InvestigationsNosocomial Tuberculosis Prevention Measures Among Two Groups of US Hospitals, 1992 to 1996
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
In April 1992, we mailed questionnaires to the department of infection control of a 50% random sample (n = 38) of 76 hospitals that specialized in providing care to HIV patients in four high-HIV-incidence cities (New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Miami). These 76 hospitals had been providing care to patients with HIV-related PCP since 1987 and were randomly selected to participate in a separate study to investigate variations in quality of care for hospitalized patients with HIV-related PCP.12
Hospital Characteristics
The response rate was 71% for PCP hospitals (27/38) and 76% for the other US hospitals (103/136). Of the 130 respondents, 28 (22%) had≤ 199 adult acute-care beds, 53 (41%) had 200 to 399 beds, and 42 (32%) had ≥ 400 beds; 43 were university-affiliated (33%), 30 were community teaching (23%), and 48 were community nonteaching hospitals (37%).
TB Admissions
The number of hospitals to which TB patients were admitted remained stable from 1989 to 1996. While the median number of annual TB patient admissions ranged
Discussion
Nosocomial transmission of MTB remains a great threat to public health. The 1997 publication of the proposed TB standard by OSHA has heightened this awareness among HCWs, especially those at hospitals with TB patient admissions. Various ways to prevent nosocomial transmission of and occupational exposure to MTB have been published8, 9, 11 since the resurgence of TB in 1985. The efficacy of these guideline recommendations have been documented in several studies.13, 14, 15 However, the reports of
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Cited by (25)
Interferon gamma release assay test in healthcare workers
2018, Revue des Maladies RespiratoiresPreventing Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health Care Settings
2016, Infectious Disease Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Many of these outbreaks were also associated with lapses in infection control procedures, including failure to maintain proper ventilation in isolation rooms and the inconsistent use of proper respiratory protection.6 These nosocomial outbreaks were successfully curtailed by the widespread implementation of infection control measures recommended by the CDC in 1990 and 1994.6–10 Importantly, nosocomial outbreaks still occur into the twenty-first century.
Incidence of tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers: Risk factors and 20-year evolution
2013, Respiratory MedicineCitation Excerpt :A total of 7010 AIDS cases were diagnosed between 1988 and 1994, of which 24.3% had TB. Second, the decrease in incidence in HCWs could also be explained by new, improved measures against nosocomial TB that were adopted in our institution throughout the studied period, as other authors have previously reported.19,24,25 These measures were reinforced since 1994 and mainly consisted of improvement of ventilation systems, reducing emergency stay, avoiding unnecessary admissions and improvement of the compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE).
A Study of Tuberculosis Infection in Workers at a University General Hospital. Associated Factors and Evolution in 20 Years
2011, Archivos de BronconeumologiaPrevention of Health Care-Acquired Pneumonia and Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Health Care Settings
2011, Infectious Disease Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :They were also associated with lapses in infection control procedures, including failure to maintain proper ventilation in isolation rooms and the inadequate use of proper respiratory protection.63 These outbreaks and further transmission of TB within health care facilities were successfully curtailed by the widespread implementation of infection control measures recommended by the CDC in 1990 and 1994.63–67 Transmission of TB occurs via airborne particles (droplet nuclei) containing M tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis among health care workers in a Brazilian tertiary hospital emergency unit
2008, American Journal of Emergency MedicineCitation Excerpt :Every month, the EU receives 5 to 7 new suspected cases, and ideally, these patients should be isolated until a proper diagnosis is made. Nevertheless, the elevated permanence of suspected cases in the EU creates concerns and could be explained by several factors [8-10]. First, it can be attributed to failure of the administrative measures for respiratory isolation of suspected cases [4].