Chest
Original ResearchGERD AND LUNG DISEASEExposure of Airway Epithelium to Bile Acids Associated With Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms: A Relation to Transforming Growth Factor-β1 Production and Fibroblast Proliferation
Section snippets
Study Subjects
Patients with asthma (eight female and six male; age, 52.5 ± 17.5 years; FEV1 percentage of predicted, 79.9 ± 16% [mean ± SD]), GER (nine female and three male; age, 47.8 ± 14.6 years; FEV1 percentage of predicted, 86.3 ± 17.7), or asthma with associated GER symptoms (nine female and two male; age, 50.8 ± 15.3 years; FEV1 percentage of predicted, 76.9 ± 14) were recruited from Asthma Clinic of Taipei Veterans General Hospital. Asthma was diagnosed according to guidelines.20 Asthma was newly
Bile Acids in the Airways
Induced sputum was collected from healthy control subjects, and from patients with asthma, GER, or asthma associated with GER symptoms. The amount of total bile acids in induced sputum is demonstrated in Figure 1. Mean values of total bile acids were 0.5 ± 0.1, 0.6 ± 0.1, 1.8 ± 0.2, and 5.4 ± 1.6 nmol/g of sputum for healthy subjects, and patients with asthma, GER, and asthma associated with GER symptoms, respectively.
Effect of CD and GCD on TGF-β1 Release
The effect of CD on the generation of TGF-β1 from HAECs is shown in Figure 2,
Discussion
GER symptoms are common in various chronic airway disorders.123456 The present study demonstrates that the amount of total bile acids is significantly higher in the airways of patients with GER or asthma with associated GER symptoms compared to those of healthy subjects and asthmatic patients without GER symptoms. Although GER and bile acid aspiration has been linked to the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplant, the mechanism of pathogenesis remains unclear.17 We have
References (31)
- et al.
Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in difficult asthma: relationship to asthma outcome
Chest
(2005) - et al.
Role of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in exacerbations of COPD
Chest
(2006) - et al.
The role of p38 MAP kinase in TGF-β1-induced signal transduction in human neutrophils
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
(1998) - et al.
Bile acid aspiration and the development of bronchiolitis obliterans after lung transplantation
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg
(2005) - et al.
Duodenal reflux induces cyclooxygenase-2 in the esophageal mucosa of rats: evidence for involvement of bile acids
Gastroenterology
(2001) - et al.
Characteristics of airway inflammation and bronchodilator reversibility in COPD: a potential guide to treatment
Chest
(2004) - et al.
Leukotriene modifier vs inhaled corticosteroid in mild-to-moderate asthma: clinical and anti-inflammatory effects
Chest
(2004) - et al.
Transforming growth factor-β stimulates the expression of fibronectin and collagen and their incorporation into the extracellular matrix
J Biol Chem
(1986) - et al.
Bile acids induce hepatic stellate cell proliferation via activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor
Gastroenterology
(2005) - et al.
Concentration-dependent effects of mometasone furoate and dexamethasone on foetal lung fibroblast functions involved in airway inflammation and remodeling
Pulm Pharmacol Ther
(2003)
Bile acid composition and esophagitis after total gastrectomy
Am J Surg
Abnormal acid reflux in asthmatic patients in a region with low GERD prevalence
J Gastroenterol
Increased gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in patients with severe COPD
Eur Respir J
High prevalence of abnormal acid gastro-oesophageal reflux in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Eur Respir J
Increased prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Am J Respir Crit Care Med
Cited by (0)
This study was supported by the National Science Council, Taiwan (grant NSC 94-2314-B-075-096).
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.