Original ArticleBronchiectasis in Infants and Preschool Children Diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis after Newborn Screening
Section snippets
Methods
The study was conducted by the Australian Respiratory Early Surveillance Team for CF (AREST CF) at the Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth and the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, and was approved by the Ethics Committees of both hospitals. Parents of children in the program provided written informed consent.
Cross-sectional data presented here are from a clinic survey of children from Perth and Melbourne who underwent high-resolution CT scanning during the period of August 2005
Results
The population characteristics are shown in Table I. Bronchiectasis and air trapping were commonly observed and easy to recognize in this population of children (Figure 2). Repeatability for reports of bronchiectasis, air trapping and BWT on CT scans were 82.5% (kappa = 0.64), 77.9% (kappa = 0.55) and 61.95% (kappa = 0.237) respectively. Nodules were very uncommon on the CT scans (identified in 7% of children assessed) and were only apparent in children with more severe bronchiectasis,
Discussion
Structural abnormalities of the lung in infants and young children with CF have been reported previously.14, 15, 16, 17 We report the prevalence of CT-defined bronchiectasis in a population of infants and preschool children with CF, diagnosed after NBS. We also report associations between structural changes on CT with airway inflammation and infection with P. aeruginosa. Compared with bronchiectasis and air-trapping the assessment of bronchial-wall thickening had poor repeatability. The poor
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Cited by (0)
This study is supported by Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (USA) (Project grant support), National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia) (Project grant support and Fellowships [S.M.S., P.D.S.]), and) Cystic Fibrosis (Australia) (Project grant support). The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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Additional members of AREST CF are available at www.jpeds.com (Appendix 1).