Journal search and commentarySleep disordered breathing may not be an independent risk factor for diabetes, but diabetes may contribute to the occurrence of periodic breathing in sleep☆
Section snippets
Commentary
There has been considerable interest in the relationship between insulin resistance and sleep apnea/hypopnea (SAH), both of which represent significant individual and public health problems. The fact that both entities have risk factors in common, including obesity and increased age, provides a simple reason for the co-existence of these disorders in individual patients. However, some older as well as more recent data suggest that co-existing SAH and glucose intolerance reflects more than just
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Cited by (36)
Central sleep apnea due to other medical disorders- not Cheyne-Stokes
2023, Encyclopedia of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms: Volume 1-6, Second EditionObstructive Sleep Apnea and Diabetes: A State of the Art Review
2017, ChestCitation Excerpt :The question of bidirectional association and reverse causality between sleep-disordered breathing and type 2 diabetes is an important one, particularly given the confounding effects of aging and obesity. Further research is needed to fully elucidate whether long-standing poorly controlled diabetes can worsen obstructive and central sleep apnea as well as nocturnal hypoxemia by adversely impacting central control of respiration or upper airway neural reflexes that promote airway patency.48-52 In support of reverse causality are studies in younger or nonobese patients with type 1 diabetes having a high prevalence of OSA.53-56
Central sleep apnea due to other medical disorders
2014, Sleep Medicine ClinicsCitation Excerpt :However, these effects would have to outweigh the opposing protective respiratory stimulant effects of progesterone, which would tend to lower plant gain and, therefore, overall loop gain. There are clear links between metabolic syndrome, diabetes, sleep disruption, and sleep-disordered breathing.59,69–72 Most commonly the presence of obesity in patients with metabolic syndrome and diabetes has been implicated as a cause of obstructive apnea.
Obstructive sleep apnea: Diagnosis, risk factors, and pathophysiology
2011, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyCitation Excerpt :On the other hand, diabetes can result in changes in the central ventilatory control system that can lead to periodic breathing (Resnick et al., 2003). Furthermore, the association between sleep apnea and diabetes is strongly affected by many confounders, most importantly, obesity, and therefore the clear net effect of sleep apnea and diabetes on each other is not that obvious (Sanders and Givelber, 2003). Nevertheless, diabetes is common in OSA and OSA is common in diabetes, regardless of the exact mechanism linking them together.
Sleep and stroke
2011, Handbook of Clinical NeurologyRelationship between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea and impaired glucose metabolism in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
2008, Respiratory MedicineCitation Excerpt :Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repetitive episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep. Previous studies have shown that OSA is associated with insulin resistance,1–9 which thus plays an important role in the development of impaired glucose metabolism (IGM), although some conflicting results exist with regard to this association.10,11 There has so far only been one paper12 investigating the exact prevalence of IGM evaluated by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test in patients with OSA.
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Article reviewed: H.E. Resnick, S. Redline, E. Shahar, A. Gilpin, A. Newman, R. Walter, G.A. Ewy, B.V. Howard, N.M. Punjabi, Diabetes and sleep disturbances, Diabetes Care 2003;26(3):702–709.