Facial morphology and obstructive sleep apnea

doi:10.1016/0889-5406(86)90108-3

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

Volume 90, Issue 6, December 1986, Pages 484-491

https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-5406(86)90108-3 Get rights and content

Abstract

In a sample of 25 adult male subjects with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea, the interaction among craniofacial, airway, tongue, and hyoid variables was quantified by means of a canonical correlation analysis. One lateral cephalometric radiograph with the teeth in occlusion was obtained for each subject together with overnight polysomnographic measurements before the initiation of therapy. A principal component analysis reduced the data base and one significant canonical correlation (r₁ = 0.994) was identified for the 22 variables. Sleep apnea subjects showed a posteriorly positioned maxilla and mandible, a steep occlusal plane, overerupted maxillary and mandibular teeth, proclined incisors, a steep mandibular plane, a large gonial angle, high upper and lower facial heights, and an anterior open bite in association with a long tongue and a posteriorly placed pharyngeal wall. A multivariate statistical analysis extracted clinically significant associations among craniofacial, tongue, and airway variables. Subjects with sleep apnea demonstrated several alterations in craniofacial form that may reduce the upper airway dimensions and subsequently impair upper airway stability.

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^☆: Supported by Grant MA-3849 from the Medical Research Council of Canada.

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Original articleFacial morphology and obstructive sleep apnea☆

Abstract

Chest

Chest

Am J Orthod

Am J Orthod

Am J Orthod

Am J Orthod

Sleep apnea syndromes

Pathogenesis of upper airway occlusion during sleep

J Appl Physiol

Obstructive sleep apnea associated with tonsillar hypertrophy in adults

Arch Intern Med

Sleep apnea in acromegaly

Am J Med

Sleep apnea in acromegaly

Br Med J

Sleep apnea in Scheie's syndrome

Thorax

Hypersomnolence and intermittent upper airway obstruction: occurrence caused by micrognathia

JAMA

Fibro-optic study of pharyngeal airway during sleep in patients with hypersomnia obstructive sleep-apnea syndrome

Laryngoscope

Airway area by acoustic reflectance measured at the mouth

J Appl Physiol

Original article
Facial morphology and obstructive sleep apnea☆