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Obstructive sleep apnea is common in patients with interstitial lung disease

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Abstract

Purpose

The incidence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in interstitial lung disease (ILD) has been reported at different frequencies in several studies. The aims of our study were to evaluate the frequency of OSA in ILD and to analyze the relationship between polysomnography (PSG) findings and pulmonary function, disease severity, parenchymal involvement, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores.

Methods

ILD patients with parenchymal involvement were evaluated. The disease severity was assessed using an index consisting of body mass index (BMI), carbon monoxide diffusion capacity, the Modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale, and the 6-min walking distance. All of the patients had lung function, chest X-ray, PSG, ESS scoring, and an upper airway examination. Patients with a BMI ≥ 30 or significant upper airway pathologies were excluded.

Results

Of 62 patients, 50 patients comprised the study group (14 male, 36 female; mean age 54 ± 12.35 years, mean BMI 25.9 ± 3.44 kg/m2) with diagnoses of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; n = 17), stage II–III sarcoidosis (n = 15), or scleroderma (n = 18). The frequency of OSA was 68 %. The mean apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) was 11.4 ± 12.5. OSA was more common in IPF patients (p = 0.009). The frequency of rapid eye movement-related sleep apnea was 52.9 %. The frequency of OSA was higher in patients with a disease severity index ≥3 (p = 0.04). The oxygen desaturation index and the AHI were higher in patients with diffuse radiological involvement (p = 0.007 and p = 0.043, respectively).

Conclusions

OSA is common in ILD. PSG or at minimum nocturnal oximetry should be performed, particularly in patients with functionally and radiologically severe disease.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, 34 360, Capa, Istanbul, Turkey

    Aylin Pihtili, Zuleyha Bingol, Esen Kiyan & Ziya Gulbaran

  2. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Medical Faculty, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Caglar Cuhadaroglu

  3. Department of Statistics, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Halim Issever

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  1. Aylin Pihtili
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  2. Zuleyha Bingol
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  3. Esen Kiyan
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  4. Caglar Cuhadaroglu
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  6. Ziya Gulbaran
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Correspondence to Esen Kiyan.

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Pihtili, A., Bingol, Z., Kiyan, E. et al. Obstructive sleep apnea is common in patients with interstitial lung disease. Sleep Breath 17, 1281–1288 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-013-0834-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-013-0834-3

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