Table 1

Descriptive statistics for health outcomes and confounders included in the analysis (baseline characteristics and repeated measurements)

VariableMean (SD)* or n (%)†
Baseline characteristics (76 participants)
Sex (females)—n (%)39 (51.3)
Age—mean (SD)70.7 (7.8)
Medication use: inhaled corticosteroids (yes)—n (%)55 (72.4)
Index of Multiple Deprivation Score—mean (SD)21.1 (12.3)
COPD severity—n (%)
Mild12 (15.8)
Moderate35 (46.1)
Severe19 (25.0)
Very severe10 (13.2)
Repeated measurements (10 210 person-days)
Exacerbation (yes)—n (%)1363 (13.4)
Breathlessness (yes)—n (%)1608 (15.8)
Cough (yes)—n (%)1467 (14.4)
Sleep disturbance (yes)—n (%)1042 (10.2)
Sputum (yes)—n (%)710 (7.0)
Wheeze (yes)—n (%)1146 (11.2)
Peak expiratory flow (L/min)—mean (SD)236 (105)
Ambient temperature (oC)—mean (SD)21.1 (2.4)
Time spent outdoors per day (hours)—mean (SD)1.5 (1.2)
Stayed all day home (yes)—n (%)5113 (50.1)
  • *Mean and SD for continuous variables.

  • †Number of occurrences (n) and percentage across the whole sample/person-days for categorical variables.

  • COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.