Table 1

Summary of the baseline characteristics of the included clinical trials

Authors and yearType of sleep studyDesignSample sizeInterventionLocation and name of deviceControlFollow-up/wash-out
Bignold et al, 20117 PolygraphyRandomised cross-over trialn=15PTChest;
BuzzPOD
Inactive treatment3 weeks/1 week wash-out
van Maanen et al, 201236 PSGRandomised cross-over trialn=30PTNeck, prototypeInactive treatment1 night with device on and 1 night off/1–2 weeks wash-out
Dieltjens et al, 201537 PSGRandomised cross-over trialn=20PTChest, Night BalanceMAD only, PT+MAD1 night intervention/no wash-out
Eijsvogel et al, 201538 PSGParallel RCTn=55PTChest, Night BalanceTBT1 month
Benoist et al, 201739 PSGMulticentre parallel RCTn=99PTChest, Night BalanceMAD3 months
Laub et al, 201740 PolygraphyParallel RCTn=101PTChest, Night BalanceNo treatment2 months
Berry et al, 201941 PSGMulticentre randomised cross-over trialn=117PTChest, Night BalanceAPAP6 weeks/no wash-out
Mok et al, 202042 PSGRandomised cross-over trialn=40PTNeck, Night ShiftAPAP8 weeks/1 week wash-out
Hidalgo Armas et al, 202143 PSGParallel RCTn=128PTForehead, SomnibelNo treatment, Inactive treatment12 weeks
Suzuki et al, 202144 PSGParallel RCTn=160PTNeck, Night ShiftMAD8 weeks
  • For more information on the location and the names of the device, see figure 1.

  • APAP, auto-adjusting positive airway pressure; MAD, mandibular advancement device; n, sample size; PSG, polysomnography; PT, positional therapy; RCT, randomised controlled trials; TBT, tennis-ball technique.