Baseline characteristics of the 1001 children included in the study
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 5.6 (2.4–12.1) |
| <1 year | 101 (10.1) |
| 1–5 years | 426 (42.6) |
| 6–10 years | 170 (17.0) |
| >10 years | 304 (30.4) |
| Gender with sex (male)* | 537 (53.6) |
| Ethnic background | |
| White/Caucasian | 505 (50.4) |
| Black/African American | 91 (9.1) |
| Asian | 70 (7.0) |
| Arab/Berber | 52 (5.2) |
| Hispanic/Latin American | 57 (5.7) |
| Mixed race | 20 (2.0) |
| Unknown | 206 (20.6) |
| Pre-existing comorbidities† | 136 (13.6) |
| Underlying immunocompromise | 77 (7.7) |
| HIV infection | 8 (0.8) |
| Immunosuppressive treatment | 20 (2.0) |
| Other immune disorder | 49 (4.9) |
| BCG vaccination status | |
| BCG-vaccinated | 235 (23.5) |
| BCG-unvaccinated | 645 (64.4) |
| Unknown | 121 (12.1) |
| Microbiologically-confirmed TB | 488 (48.8) |
| Site of disease‡ | |
| Respiratory | 746 (74.5) |
| Miliary and/or CNS | 88 (8.8) |
| Other focus § | 166 (16.6) |
Data shown are numbers and percentages unless stated otherwise.
*Gender unknown in n=1.
†For details regarding underlying medical conditions, see online supplemental material table E1.
‡Site of disease unknown in n=1.
§Other disease focus comprised: lymph node, osteoarticular, genitourinary, abdominal and pericardial TB.
BCG, Bacillus Calmette–Guérin; CNS, central nervous system; IQR, interquartile range; TB, tuberculosis.