Cox regression analysis: the effect of CPAP on fatal and non-fatal MACEs (n=1860)
| No OSA | Mild OSA | Untreated moderate–severe OSA | Treated moderate–severe OSA | |
| Incident MACEs | ||||
| No. of subjects | 316 | 436 | 843 | 265 |
| Incident MACEs, n (%) | 31 (9.8%) | 63 (14.4%) | 146 (17.3%) | 38 (14.3%) |
| Unadjusted HR | Ref | 1.48 (0.97 to 2.28) | 1.90 (1.29 to 2.80) | 1.52 (0.95 to 2.45) |
| Partially adjusted HR* | Ref | 1.10 (0.71 to 1.69) | 1.06 (0.70 to 1.60) | 0.88 (0.53 to 1.45) |
| Fully adjusted HR† | Ref | 1.10 (0.71 to 1.70) | 1.02 (0.67 to 1.55) | 0.93 (0.56 to 1.56) |
| Incident non-fatal MACEs | ||||
| No. of subjects | 316 | 436 | 843 | 265 |
| Incident MACEs, n (%) | 29 (9.2%) | 60 (13.8%) | 138 (16.4%) | 38 (14.3%) |
| Unadjusted HR | Ref | 1.51 (0.97 to 2.35) | 1.92 (1.28 to 2.86) | 1.63 (1.01 to 2.64) |
| Partially adjusted HR* | Ref | 1.13 (0.72 to 1.76) | 1.09 (0.71 to 1.67) | 0.96 (0.58 to 1.60) |
| Fully adjusted HR† | Ref | 1.13 (0.72 to 1.77) | 1.05 (0.68 to 1.63) | 1.03 (0.61 to 1.75) |
*Partially adjusted for age, gender, body mass index.
†Fully adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, waist circumference, body weight change, Epworth sleepiness scale, total sleep time, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, prior hypertension, prior cardiovascular disease, prior hyperlipidaemia and prior diabetes.
CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; HR, hazard ratio; MACEs, major adverse cardiovascular events; OSA, obstructive sleep apnoea.