Clinical features of the included patients and controls
Patients (n=36) | Healthy controls (n=36) | SCD controls (n=21) | |
Gender, n (%) | |||
Female | 24 (67%) | 24 (67%) | 10 (48%) |
Geographic origin, n (%) | |||
Sub-Saharan Africa/West Indies | 23 (64%) | 0 (0%) | 21 (100%) |
North Africa | 6 (17%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Europe | 5 (14%) | 36 (100%) | 0 (0%) |
Asia/Middle East | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Age at diagnosis (years), median, (IQR)** | 12.4 (9.53–13.15) | ||
Age at inclusion (years), median, (IQR)†† | 19.7 (15–23) | 19.8 (5–38) | 16.7 (3–30) |
Number of coresidents, median (IQR) | 3 (2.75–3) | 3 (3–3) | 2.7 (2–3) |
Family cases, n (%) | 3 (8.3%) | ||
Clinical features at diagnosis, n (%) | |||
General fatigue | 17 (47%) | ||
Fever | 13 (36%) | ||
Weight loss | 7 (47%) | ||
Pulmonary localisation | 34 (94%) | ||
Extrapulmonary localisation | 34 (94%) | ||
Liver | 21 (58%) | ||
Lymphadenopathies | 17 (47%) | ||
Salivary glands | 14 (39%) | ||
Eyes | 13 (36%) | ||
Spleen | 7 (19.4%) | ||
Joints | 7 (19.4%) | ||
Skin | 5 (14%) | ||
Stomach | 5 (14%) | ||
Kidney | 4 (11%) | ||
Bone marrow | 2 (5.5%) | ||
Heart | 2 (5.5%) | ||
Tonsils | 1 (2.7%) | ||
Histology, n (%) | |||
Non-caseating granuloma | 33 (91.7%) | ||
Treatments, n (%) | |||
Corticosteroids, n (%) | 34 (94%) | ||
Oral only | 12 (33%) | ||
Intravenous pulse only | 1 (2.9%) | ||
Both oral and intravenous | 21 (58%) | ||
Other drugs‡ | 10 (27.7%) | ||
No treatment | 2 (5.5%) |
The explorations assessing the sarcoidosis diagnosis of the 36 included patients are provided in online supplemental table S1.
IQR: 25–75.
*Extreme values (minimal–maximal) (1–15.9).
†Extreme values (minimal–maximal) (4–36), (5–38) and (3–30), respectively.
‡Methotrexate, azathioprine, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate mofetil.
SCD, sickle-cell disease.