Time point | Investigations on admission to level 2 or 3 care (HDU or ITU) | |||
Confirmed or suspected COVID-19* | Non-COVID-19 ARDS† | |||
Routinely on admission | CAP screen | Bronchoscopy‡ | CAP screen | Bronchoscopy§ |
Echocardiogram | CT thorax±CTPA | Echocardiogram | CT thorax±CTPA | |
Autoimmune screen | Autoimmune screen | |||
Routinely on admission, repeated if clinically indicated | Procalcitonin | Troponin | Procalcitonin | Troponin |
Circulating biomarkers of HLH-like syndrome | Circulating biomarkers of HLH-like syndrome |
For each survey question, median scores were calculated with a score of <3.5 being considered inappropriate (red background), ≥3.5 and <6.5 uncertain (amber background) and ≥6.5 appropriate (green background).
*In the context of the pandemic.
†Outside the context of the pandemic.
‡Denotes disagreement (disagreement index >1).
§Bronchoscopy if intubated.
ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia (microbiology screen); CTPA, CT pulmonary angiogram; HDU, high dependency unit; HLH, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis markers (ie, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin); ITU, intensive therapy unit.