Table 1

Investigations on admission to level 2 or 3 care

Time pointInvestigations on admission to level 2 or 3 care (HDU or ITU)
Confirmed or suspected COVID-19*Non-COVID-19 ARDS†
Routinely on admissionCAP screenBronchoscopy‡CAP screenBronchoscopy§
EchocardiogramCT thorax±CTPAEchocardiogramCT thorax±CTPA
Autoimmune screenAutoimmune screen
Routinely on admission, repeated if clinically indicatedProcalcitoninTroponinProcalcitoninTroponin
Circulating biomarkers of HLH-like syndromeCirculating biomarkers of HLH-like syndrome
  • For each survey question, median scores were calculated with a score of <3.5 being considered inappropriate (red background), ≥3.5 and <6.5 uncertain (amber background) and ≥6.5 appropriate (green background).

  • *In the context of the pandemic.

  • †Outside the context of the pandemic.

  • ‡Denotes disagreement (disagreement index >1).

  • §Bronchoscopy if intubated.

  • ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia (microbiology screen); CTPA, CT pulmonary angiogram; HDU, high dependency unit; HLH, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis markers (ie, lactate dehydrogenase, ferritin); ITU, intensive therapy unit.