Table 1

Analytical population characteristics in relation to AGE intake

Participant characteristics
(categorical variables)		Weighted %
(crude frequency)*		Weighted AGE score median
(25–75th percentiles)**
Sex
 Male51.29 (2148)5.32 (3.19–8.73)
 Female48.71 (2240)5.99 (3.67–9.09)
Race/ethnicity
 Non-Hispanic whites63.28 (1320)5.43 (3.42–8.45)
 Non-Hispanic blacks14.74 (1404)7.71 (4.52–12.8)
 Hispanics15.85 (1425)5.43 (2.9–8.57)
 Others6.14 (239)5.31 (3.5–8.73)
Current asthma
 No89.02 (3907)5.74 (3.48–9)
 Yes10.98 (481)5.05 (2.94–8.32)
Participant characteristics
(continuous variables) 		Weighted median
(25–75th percentiles)*
Age (years)9.3 (5.3–13.2)
Poverty to income ratio2.3 (1.1–4.0)
Body mass index percentile68.7 (39.1–89.7)
Total Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score†46.1 (37.8–54.8)
AGE score‡5.70 (3.4–9.0)
Red meat consumption score§18.6 (15.8–21.5)
Poultry consumption score§8.6 (6.9–10.2)
Processed meat consumption score§16.1 (13.5–19.5)
Non-seafood meat consumption score§44.4 (38.7–50.5)
Seafood consumption score§8.5 (7.0–10.6)
All meat consumption score§53.6 (46.9–60.3)

  • *Survey procedures were used to account for the NHANES survey design and to obtain population weighted estimates for proportions, medians, and 25–75th percentiles. All continuous variables were non-normally distributed. AGE and meat consumption scores were natural log transformed.

  • †Total HEI scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores representing better compliance with the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans.

  • ‡The AGE score represents the daily average AGE intake, standardised for total caloric intake per participant. The score was calculated based on the FFQ and prior published food AGE content data.

  • §Meat consumption scores were derived using the FFQ in a similar fashion to the AGE score.

  • AGE, advanced glycation end-product; FFQ, Food Frequency Questionnaire.