Table 1

Convergent and divergent validity of measures of muscle quality with traditional measures of body composition

	Thigh MMA r (95% CI)	P value	TMI r (95% CI)	P value	Thigh IMAT Index r (95% CI)	P value	Abdominal MMA r (95% CI)	P value	AMI r (95% CI)	P value
Thigh MMA	1
TMI	0.05 (−0.07 to 0.16)	0.44	1
Thigh IMAT Index	−0.52 (−0.62 to −0.41)	<0.001	0.07 (−0.07 to 0.21)	0.31	1
Abdominal MMA	0.78 (0.72 to 0.82)	<0.001	0.11 (−0.01 to 0.22)	0.08	−0.47 (−0.57 to −0.35)	<0.001	1
AMI	0.19 (0.07 to 0.30)	0.002	0.61 (0.54 to 0.68)	<0.001	−0.003 (−0.15 to 0.14)	0.97	0.27 (0.16 to 0.37)	<0.01	1	1
Body mass index	−0.35 (−0.45 to −0.24)	<0.001	0.59 (0.50 to 0.66)	<0.001	0.52 (0.41 to 0.62)	<0.001	−0.38 (−0.48 to −0.28)	<0.001	0.28 (0.18 to 0.38)	<0.01
Height	−0.05 (−0.17 to 0.06)	0.37	0.18 (0.06 to 0.29)	0.003	0.11 (−0.03 to 0.25)	0.12	0.1 (−0.01 to 0.21)	0.09	0.06 (−0.05 to 0.17)	0.28
Weight	−0.31 (−0.42 to −0.20)	<0.001	0.57 (0.49 to 0.65)	<0.001	0.47 (0.36 to 0.58)	<0.001	−0.25 (−0.36 to −0.15)	<0.001	0.27 (0.16 to 0.37)	<0.001
Abdominal VAT area (mm²)	−0.33 (−0.43 to −0.22)	<0.001	0.20 (0.08 to 0.31)	0.001	0.40 (0.28 to 0.52)	<0.001	−0.44 (−0.53 to −0.34)	<0.001	0.06 (−0.06 to 0.17)	0.32
Triceps skinfold thickness	−0.19 (−0.35 to −0.03)	0.03	−0.11 (−0.27 to 0.06)	0.2	0.2 (−0.006 to 0.39)	0.06	−0.24 (−0.38 to −0.08)	0.003	−0.26 (−0.40 to −0.10)	0.001

Results displayed as Pearson correlation coefficient (95% CI).
AMI, abdominal muscle index (abdominal skeletal muscle area/height²); Thigh IMAT Index, thigh intramuscular adipose tissue (intramuscular adipose tissue area/height²); MMA, mean muscle attenuation (Hounsfield unit); TMI, thigh muscle index (thigh muscle area/height²); VAT, visceral adipose tissue.