Number of participants and baseline lung function of TAHS laboratory study participants, stratified by childhood history of pneumonia/pleurisy
| Lung function measure in childhood and middle age* | Doctor-diagnosed childhood pneumonia/pleurisy, n (%); z-score (SD)† | P trend across groups§ | ||
| Never (none) | Ever (1–2 episodes) | Recurrent (>2 episodes) | ||
| At age 7, n (%) | 6033 (86) | 879 (13) | 98 (1.4) | – |
| Pre-BD FEV1 | −0.07 (1.0) | −0.11 (1.0) | −0.36 (1.0) | 0.010 |
| Pre-BD FVC | −0.17 (0.9) | −0.17 (0.9) | −0.37 (0.9) | 0.372 |
| Pre-BD FEV1:FVC | +0.21 (1.0) | +0.12 (1.0) | +0.03 (1.0) | 0.003 |
| Airflow obstruction, n (%) | 223 (4) | 39 (4) | 10 (10) | 0.008 |
| Spirometric restriction, n (%) | 290 (5) | 41 (5) | 6 (6) | 0.853 |
| At age 45, n (%)‡ | 1082 (82) | 211 (16) | 24 (1.8) | – |
| Post-BD FEV1 | −0.13 (1.0) | −0.21 (1.1) | −0.51 (1.0) | 0.070 |
| Post-BD FVC | +0.01 (0.9) | −0.11 (1.0) | −0.28 (0.9) | 0.027 |
| Post-BD FEV1:FVC ratio | −0.26 (1.0) | −0.17 (1.1) | −0.39 (1.1) | 0.396 |
| Airflow obstruction, n (%) | 101 (9) | 17 (8) | 4 (17) | 0.841 |
| Spirometric restriction, n (%) | 28 (3) | 15 (7) | 2 (8) | 0.002 |
| TLco | +0.17 (1.1) | +0.26 (1.2) | +0.37 (1.2) | 0.166 |
| Kco | +0.16 (1.1) | +0.33 (1.3) | +0.75 (0.7) | 0.005 |
| Alveolar volume | +0.08 (1.0) | +0.05 (0.9) | −0.37 (1.2) | 0.126 |
| TLC | +0.44 (0.8) | +0.27 (0.7) | +0.08 (0.8) | 0.003 |
| FRC | +0.05 (0.8) | −0.12 (0.8) | −0.01 (0.8) | 0.020 |
| RV | +0.09 (0.9) | −0.03 (0.8) | +0.15 (0.9) | 0.239 |
| RV/TLC | −0.34 (0.6) | −0.35 (0.7) | −0.02 (0.7) | 0.291 |
| At age 53, n (%)‡ | 2209 (87) | 309 (12) | 29 (1.1) | – |
| Post-BD FEV1 | +0.13 (1.0) | −0.05 (1.0) | −0.19 (1.3) | 0.002 |
| Post-BD FVC | +0.09 (0.9) | −0.01 (0.9) | −0.22 (1.1) | 0.017 |
| Post-BD FEV1:FVC ratio | +0.05 (0.9) | −0.07 (1.0) | −0.02 (0.8) | 0.059 |
| Airflow obstruction, n (%) | 103 (5) | 19 (6) | 2 (7) | 0.216 |
| Spirometric restriction, n (%) | 45 (2) | 10 (3) | 3 (10) | 0.009 |
| TLco | +0.15 (1.0) | +0.23 (1.0) | +0.32 (0.8) | 0.051 |
| Kco | +0.26 (1.0) | +0.39 (1.1) | +0.58 (0.8) | 0.004 |
| Alveolar volume | −0.11 (1.0) | −0.16 (1.0) | −0.28 (1.0) | 0.159 |
*Airflow obstruction was defined by FEV1:FVC <LLN; spirometric restriction was defined by FVC <LLN plus FEV1:FVC ≥LLN.
†Values are expressed as z-scores representing SD from the mean predicted value unless otherwise specified.
‡Numbers in italics represent the number of participants with technically acceptable spirometry; fewer underwent TLco measurements at age 45 (n=1239) and at age 53 (n=2485), and static lung volumes at age 45 (n=1220).
BD, bronchodilator; FEV1:FVC, the ratio between FEV1 and FVC; FRC, functional residual capacity; Kco, carbon monoxide transfer coefficient; LLN, lower limit of predicted normal; RV, residual volume; TAHS, Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study; TLC, total lung capacity; TLco, gas transfer factor of carbon monoxide.