Table 2

Service components

InterventionnServices*
Information and education
 Education/advice9 18 20 21 38 49 57 58 69 73
 Nutritional advice/support3 20 58 72
 Sleep hygiene2 20 66
 Smoking cessation advice/support1 20
 Written information4 20 21 49 58
Psychosocial support
 Carer/family support5 18 20 21 49 73
 Psychological support12 18 20 21 35 37 46 49 58 59 69 72 73
 Social support7 18 20 21 35 37 49 58
 Spiritual support1 21
Self-management strategies
 Breathing techniques14 18 20 21 35 37 38 40 46 49 57–59 66 70
 Emergency/crisis planning3 20 21 49
 Exercise plans5 20 21 49 58 61
 Handheld fan/water spray5 20 21 49 58 59
 Goal-setting4 18 20 49 59
 Pacing8 20 21 40 46 49 58 59 72
 Positioning4 20 21 49 58
 Relaxation/calming techniques11 18 20 21 35 40 46 49 58 59 70 72
Other interventions
 Accupressure/TENS2 38 61
 Occupational aids5 20 21 49 58 61
 Pharmacological review4 20 21 66 70

  • ↵*One citation per service.

  • TENS, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation.