Characteristic | Number | Percentage |
Male gender | 127 | 28.3 |
Age groups | ||
<15 | 54 | 12.0 |
15–24 | 87 | 19.4 |
25–34 | 91 | 20.3 |
35–44 | 83 | 18.5 |
45–54 | 60 | 13.4 |
55–64 | 38 | 8.5 |
65+ | 36 | 8.0 |
Respiratory symptoms | ||
Cough | 379 | 84.4 |
Sputum | 214 | 47.7 |
Wheezing | 434 | 96.7 |
Shortness of breath | 436 | 97.0 |
Lung function abnormalities | ||
FEV1/FVC ratio<0.70 | 148 | 33.0 |
FEV1≥80% predicted | 211 | 47.0 |
FEV1%, 50–79% predicted | 163 | 36.3 |
FEV1%, 30–49% predicted | 58 | 12.9 |
FEV1%, <30% predicted | 17 | 3.8 |
Asthma control | ||
Uncontrolled, ACT<15 | 126 | 28.1 |
Partially controlled, 15≤ACT≤19 | 174 | 38.8 |
Controlled, ACT>19 | 149 | 33.2 |
Medications | ||
Salbutamol inhaler | 318 | 70.8 |
Inhaled corticosteroids | 83 | 18.5 |
Combination inhalers (steroid, LABA) | 64 | 14.3 |
Leukotriene modifiers | 66 | 14.7 |
Risk factors and comorbid conditions | ||
History of smoking | 54 | 12.0 |
Exposure to bio-mass* | 390 | 86.9 |
Ever been treated for TB | 28 | 6.2 |
HIV positive | 27 | 6.0 |
Nasal congestion or rhinorrhea | 396 | 88.2 |
Heart burn/acid irritation | 272 | 60.6 |
*Including use of wood, charcoal and kerosene for cooking or lighting.
ACT, Asthma Control Test; LABA, long-acting β agonist; TB, tuberculosis.