HR and 95% CI per 1°C increase of seasonal temperature variability on incident respiratory diseases in the sensitivity analyses
| Incident diseases | Cases | Summertime temperature variability | Wintertime temperature variability | ||
| Basic model* | Full model† | Basic model* | Full model† | ||
| Excluding those with incident respiratory diseases or died in the first year | |||||
| Total respiratory diseases | 12 110 | 1.11 (0.89 to 1.38) | 1.01 (0.79 to 1.30) | 1.47 (1.36 to 1.60) | 1.18 (1.07 to 1.31) |
| Pneumonia | 6591 | 1.07 (0.79 to 1.45) | 1.06 (0.76 to 1.48) | 1.31 (1.18 to 1.46) | 1.16 (1.01 to 1.32) |
| COPD | 2877 | 1.14 (0.73 to 1.76) | 1.05 (0.64 to 1.71) | 1.92 (1.63 to 2.26) | 1.36 (1.11 to 1.66) |
| Excluding those with self-reported COPD/asthma at baseline | |||||
| Total respiratory diseases | 10 794 | 1.02 (0.81 to 1.29) | 0.96 (0.74 to 1.25) | 1.44 (1.32 to 1.57) | 1.17 (1.05 to 1.30) |
| Pneumonia | 5890 | 1.10 (0.80 to 1.52) | 1.12 (0.79 to 1.59) | 1.28 (1.14 to 1.43) | 1.13 (0.98 to 1.31) |
| COPD | 1896 | 1.07 (0.62 to 1.85) | 1.03 (0.56 to 1.90) | 1.78 (1.45 to 2.17) | 1.30 (1.01 to 1.67) |
| Further adjusted for time-varying PM2.5 | |||||
| Total respiratory diseases | 12 689 | 1.12 (0.91 to 1.39) | 1.08 (0.84 to 1.40) | 1.50 (1.39 to 1.62) | 1.18 (1.06 to 1.31) |
| Pneumonia | 6672 | 1.06 (0.78 to 1.43) | 1.07 (0.75 to 1.52) | 1.31 (1.18 to 1.46) | 1.17 (1.02 to 1.34) |
| COPD | 3075 | 1.14 (0.75 to 1.74) | 1.15 (0.69 to 1.92) | 1.96 (1.67 to 2.30) | 1.41 (1.15 to 1.74) |
*Stratified by age in years, adjusting for sex and year of follow-up and summertime temperature variability and wintertime temperature variability were mutually adjusted.
†Additionally adjusted for yearly mean temperature, marital status, housing type, BMI, education attainment, personal monthly expenditure, physical activity, medication taken, smoking status, social deprivation index and smoking rate at the district level.
BMI, body mass index; PM2.5, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm.