Baseline anthropometric characteristics, exercise capacity and physical activity of the ITT population
| Variables | ERGO (n=18) | ERGO+RMT (n=18) | ERGO+NIV (n=17) |
| Gender, no (% men) | 13 (72%) | 12 (67%) | 14 (82%) |
| Age (years) | 53.7 (50.6; 57.3) | 56.0 (44.8; 60.1) | 53.5 (46.5; 63.2) |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 37.4 (35.1; 40.5) | 37.8 (36.0; 40.4) | 38.4 (36.0; 41.6) |
| FFMI (kg/m²) | 23.3 (20.2; 24.2) | 22.9 (20.0; 24.1) | 23.6 (22.6; 25.1) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 119 (117; 130) | 122 (115; 125) | 129 (121; 132) |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 120 (144; 128) | 118 (115; 123) | 124 (118; 130) |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 44 (42; 49) | 44 (40; 46) | 47 (44; 49) |
| Cardiovascular risk | |||
| Alcohol* no. (%) | 7 (41) | 6 (33) | 7 (41) |
| Smoking (current or previous smoker) (%) | 12 (67) | 6 (33) | 10 (59) |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus no. (%) | 5 (28) | 3 (17) | 6 (35) |
| Dyslipidaemia no. (%) | 10 (56) | 4 (22) | 6 (35) |
| Hypertension no. (%) | 13 (72) | 8 (44) | 10 (59) |
| 6MWT | |||
| Distance (m) | 522 (430; 588) | 565 (514; 599) | 542 (487; 623) |
| End dyspnoea (VAS 0–10) | 5.2 (2.0; 7.4) | 5.0 (3.7; 7.8) | 4.5 (2.7; 7.0) |
| End leg fatigue (VAS 0–10) | 4.4 (2.0; 8.5) | 4.8 (4.0; 8.5) | 4.5 (2.5; 6.5) |
| Incremental exercise capacity | |||
| Peak workload (W) | 138 (113; 163) | 138 (100; 163) | 150 (138; 175) |
| Peak HR (beat/min) | 144 (135; 157) | 148 (135; 169) | 156 (124; 171) |
| Peak VO2 (mL/min/kg) | 20.3 (17.0; 22.8) | 19.5 (16.5; 23.6) | 20.4 (18.1; 25.8) |
| Peak VE (L/min) | 78.8 (63.4; 90.1) | 69.0 (62.0; 87.1) | 81.5 (78.3; 91.1) |
| Peak IC (L) | 3.3 (2.6; 3.9) | 3.3 (2.8; 3.5) | 3.2 (2.7; 4.0) |
| Peak dyspnoea (VAS 0–10) | 7.4 (6.0; 8.0) | 7.4 (6.0; 8.5) | 8.3 (5.0; 9.3) |
| Peak leg fatigue (VAS 0–10) | 6.9 (4.5; 8.8) | 8.4 (6.0; 9.4) | 8.0 (6.0; 9.7) |
| Quadriceps MVC (kg) | 42 (38; 56) | 42 (40; 49) | 52 (42; 71) |
| Quadriceps endurance (min) | 41.5 (33.0; 55.5) | 49.5 (32.5; 66.5) | 40.8 (36.0; 53.5) |
| Maximal inspiratory pressure (cm H2O) | 104 (78; 142) | 119 (99; 134) | 106 (78; 134) |
| Maximal expiratory pressure (cm H2O) | 156 (123; 176) | 167 (104; 189) | 159 (136; 200) |
| Physical activity | |||
| Mean steps per day | 5863 (5435; 8026) | 6694 (5095; 7614) | 6295 (4765; 9399) |
| Mean METs per day | 1.35 (1.27; 1.45) | 1.29 (1.30; 1.47) | 1.48 (1.27; 1.56) |
| Supine position (min/day) | 483 (424; 518) | 510 (445; 563) | 482 (447; 557) |
| Sleep duration (min/day) | 367 (322; 405) | 416 (374; 437) | 383 (358; 438) |
Data are median (IQR) or number (%).
MET values are corrected values for obesity as previously reported in Vivodtzev et al.18
*Mean consumption of alcohol in unit/day.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure ; ERGO, ergocycle training; FFMI, fat-free mass index; IC, inspiratory capacity; ITT, intention to treat; METs, metabolic equivalent; MVC, maximal voluntary contraction; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; RMT, respiratory muscle training; VAS, visual analogue scale; VE, minute ventilation; VO2 , oxygen uptake; 6MWT, 6 min walking test.