Mean asthma-related HCRU, associated direct costs (2015 pounds sterling, £), and HCRU and cost ratios during the outcome year for patients with SUEA and those receiving maintenance oral corticosteroids compared with all patients with active asthma (including patients with SUEA) in the UK general population
| All patients (n=3 63 558/146 485*) | SUEA (n=2940/1206*) | HCRU and cost ratios | ≥1 OCS maintenance (n=10 522/4140*) | HCRU and cost ratios | |
| Asthma-related HCRU outcome | (95% CI)† | (95% CI)† | |||
| GP visit‡ | |||||
| Number | 1.36 (1.57) | 2.67 (2.80) | 2.5 (2.4 to 2.6) | 1.93 (2.43) | 1.7 (1.7 to 1.8) |
| Costs | £30.8 (49.8) | £77.0 (107.5) | £53.2 (90.8) | ||
| Costs, median (IQR) | £14.5 (0.0–43.4) | £44.0 (14.5–101.7) | – | £28.9 (14.5–58.5) | – |
| Hospital-based specialist visit | |||||
| Number | 0.04 (0.33) | 0.30 (0.96) | 6.8 (6.0 to 7.7) | 0.31 (0.96) | 5.7 (5.3 to 6.2) |
| Costs | £6.9 (52.2) | £46.7 (149.2) | £39.4 (138.6) | ||
| Asthma-related ED attendance | |||||
| Number | 0.01 (0.11) | 0.04 (0.25) | 4.1 (3.2 to 5.3) | 0.03 (0.23) | 3.4 (3.0 to 4.0) |
| Costs | £1.6 (18.8) | £6.6 (44.7) | £5.5 (38.2) | ||
| Hospitalisation* | |||||
| Number | 0.01 (0.12) | 0.05 (0.38) | 7.6 (4.7 to 11.6) | 0.04 (0.37) | 6.7 (5.0 to 8.9) |
| Costs | £10.4 (194.7) | £78.7 (660.3) | £69.6 (653.5) | ||
| Medication cost | £170.1 (218.2) | £645.4 (285.4) | 3.8 (3.7 to 3.9) | £363.6 (338.6) | 2.1 (2.1 to 2.2) |
| Cost, median (IQR) | £87.8 (18.0–244.9) | £595.3 (451.8–760.5) | – | £285.2 (111.4–527.0) | – |
| Total costs* | £222.0 (337.2) | £861.0 (811.9) | 3.9 (3.7 to 4.1) | £552.1 (842.8) | 2.5 (2.4 to 2.6) |
| Total costs, median (IQR) | £125.6 (43.1–297.9) | £707.0 (523.0–951.0) | – | £370.0 (159.6–689.7) | – |
Data are reported as mean (SD) unless otherwise noted. The medians (IQRs) that are not included in the table were all 0 (0–0).
*The second number of patients in the column headers represents those in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink who had linked Hospital Episode Statistics (HES), used to determine hospitalisations and associated costs, as factored into total costs. The SUEA cohort with HES data included 26 (2.2%) patients <18 years old.
†95% CI, based on 1000 bootstrap replicates.
‡GP visits included consultations with primary care physicians and asthma nurses.
ED, emergency department; GP, general practice; HCRU, healthcare resource use; OCS, oral corticosteroids; SUEA, severe, uncontrolled eosinophilic asthma.