Table 5

Associations between lung function measures and allergic disease outcomes across varied biodiversity levels in an inner city childhood living environment (grouped by biodiversity score) and farm

Biodiversity score 0/1,
inner city
reference		Biodiversity score 2,
inner city		Biodiversity score 3,
inner city		Biodiversity score 4/5,
inner city		Farm
FEV1*—men (mL)–−16 (−133 to 101)−56 (−179 to 67)−91 (−229 to 46)32 (−90 to 153)
FEV1*—women (mL)–11 (−73 to 95)−9 (−96 to 77)51 (−41 to 143)116 (29 to 202), p=0.009
FEV1/FVC*–−0.22 (−1.17 to 0.72)−0.44 (−1.42 to 0.54)−0.43 (−1.5 to 0.64)0.30 (−0.67 to 1.28), p=0.545
+BHR − atopy–0.99 (0.51 to 1.91)0.64 (0.31 to 1.32)0.78 (0.36 to 1.68)0.77 (0.39 to 1.51)
−BHR + atopy–0.66 (0.43 to 1.01)0.72 (0.47 to 1.12)0.54 (0.29 to 0.88)0.31 (0.19 to 0.49)
+BHR + atopy–0.83 (0.43 to 1.60)0.80 (0.41 to 1.57)0.96 (0.47 to 1.96)0.46 (0.23 to 0.95)
Any atopic sensitisation–0.81 (0.58 to 1.12)0.76 (0.54 to 1.07)0.70 (0.49 to 1.02)0.36 (0.25 to 0.52)
+Nasal symptoms
– atopy		–1.23 (0.78 to 1.96)0.94 (0.58 to 1.51)0.87 (0.52 to 1.46)0.85 (0.55 to 1.32)
−Nasal symptoms
+ atopy		–0.76 (0.49 to 1.18)0.81 (0.53 to 1.26)0.83 (0.52 to 1.33)0.42 (0.28 to 0.66)
+Nasal symptoms
+ atopy		–0.96 (0.65 to 1.42)0.88 (0.59 to 1.31)0.85 (0.55 to 1.31)0.38 (0.25 to 0.56)
+Current asthma
– atopy		–0.80 (0.32 to 2.00)0.48 (0.17 to 1.34)0.31 (0.08 to 1.11)0.55 (0.21 to 1.41)
−Current asthma
+ atopy		–0.77 (0.55 to 1.09)0.70 (0.49 to 1.00)0.61 (0.41 to 0.90)0.34 (0.23 to 0.50)
+Current asthma
+ atopy		–1.16 (0.47 to 2.88)1.26 (0.50 to 3.13)1.57 (0.60 to 4.10)0.56 (0.21 to 1.50)

  • Statistically significant associations are given in bold.

  • Adjustment for age, sex, study centre, smoking and family history of allergic disease.

  • *Additional adjustment: height2 and weight.

  • BHR, bronchial hyper-responsiveness.