Incidence of recurrence according to surgical intervention to bullae
| Surgical intervention | Total no. | Current smoker % | Vand. stage median (IQR) | Available follow-up data (n) | Cumulative incidence of recurrence at 1 year % (n) | Cumulative incidence of recurrence at 2 years % (n) | Drain removal by day 4, % (n) | Mean length of stay (days) (95% CI) | Complications % (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poudrage only (bullae present) | 314 | 38.2 | 3 (3–3) | 307 | 0.3 (1) | 0.3 (1) | 89.8 (282) | 5.5 (5.4 to 5.6) | 2.2 (7) |
| Bulla resection (standard stapler) | 353 | 45.0 | 3 (3–4) | 344 | 1.2 (4) | 1.7 (6) | 89.5 (316) | 5.3 (5.1 to 5.4) | 1.7 (6) |
| Bulla sutured (no-knife stapler) | 265 | 40.0 | 3 (3–4) | 260 | 2.3 (6) | 3.8 (10) | 90.9 (241) | 5.5 (5.4 to 5.6) | 2.3 (6) |
| Bulla ligation | 21 | 61.9 | 3 (3–3) | 20 | 5.0 (1) | 10.0 (2) | 95.2 (20) | 5.6 (5.2 to 5.9) | 0 (0) |
| Electrocoagulation | 52 | 53.8 | 3 (3–3) | 51 | 0 (0) | 3.9 (2) | 90.4 (47) | 5.4 (5.2 to 5.6) | 0 (0) |
| Lobectomy | 4 | 75 | 4 (4–4) | 3 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 100 (4) | 5.5 (4.6 to 6.4) | 0 (0) |
| Poudrage only (no bullae) | 406 | 40.1 | 2 (2–2) | 395 | 0.3 (1) | 1.0 (4) | 91.6 (372) | 5.4 (5.3 to 5.5) | 2.5 (10) |
Vand. Stage, Vanderschueren's stage.