Table 4

Factors associated with mortality across the total sample (N=657, deaths N=182) accounting for interaction between drug resistance pattern and regimen type

Factor		Crude HR	95% CI		p Value	Adjusted HR	95% CI		p Value
Age group (years)	<30	Reference				Reference
	30–39	1.77	0.94	3.33	0.077	1.43	0.70	2.96	0.329
	40–49	2.62	1.44	4.77	0.002	2.22	1.13	4.34	0.020
	50–59	2.69	1.49	4.86	0.001	2.18	1.10	4.31	0.025
	≥60	4.20	2.26	7.83	<0.001	2.47	1.18	5.17	0.017
Gender	Male	1.99	1.37	2.90	<0.001	2.00	1.27	3.14	0.003
Gender	Female	Reference				Reference
Living settings	Urban	0.92	0.70	1.20	0.527
Living settings	Rural	Reference
Employment	Unemployed	2.52	1.62	3.90	<0.001	1.48	0.90	2.41	0.120
	Retired	3.67	2.14	6.30	<0.001	2.69	1.47	4.94	0.001
	Employed	Reference				Reference
Smoking†	Yes	1.65	1.10	2.49	0.016
Smoking†	No	Reference
Alcohol abuse	Yes	2.29	1.68	3.12	<0.001	1.70	1.16	2.47	0.006
Alcohol abuse	No	Reference				Reference
Recreational drug use	Yes	1.05	0.57	1.93	0.871
Recreational drug use	No	Reference
HIV coinfection	Negative	Reference				Reference
	Positive	3.26	1.71	6.22	<0.001	2.53	1.19	5.39	0.016
	Not tested	1.29	0.97	1.71	0.080	0.68	0.47	1.01	0.056
Conditions other than HIV*	Yes	2.63	1.69	4.09	<0.001	2.33	1.34	4.05	0.003
Conditions other than HIV*	No	Reference				Reference
New or retreatment case	Retreatment case	0.90	0.68	1.21	0.500
New or retreatment case	New case	Reference
Pulmonary or extrapulmonary	Both pulmonary and extrapulmonary	2.30	1.36	3.89	0.002	2.65	1.45	4.83	0.002
Pulmonary or extrapulmonary	Pulmonary only	Reference				Reference
Presence of cavities	Yes	1.19	0.91	1.57	0.206
Presence of cavities	No	Reference
Smear positivity at diagnosis	Positive	1.48	1.02	2.16	0.041	1.24	0.83	1.86	0.296
Smear positivity at diagnosis	Negative	Reference				Reference
Treatment regimen‡	Resistance pattern§
Includes INJ+FQ	MDR	Reference				Reference
	MDR+FQ resistance	1.05	0.50	2.22	0.892	1.10	0.51	2.35	0.809
	MDR+INJ resistance	1.13	0.81	1.93	0.310	1.20	0.77	1.87	0.419
	XDR	1.05	0.57	1.92	0.884	1.07	0.57	2.00	0.830
Includes FQ, no INJ	MDR	1.18	0.67	2.09	0.570	1.11	0.60	2.05	0.747
	MDR+FQ resistance	2.16	0.86	5.42	0.102	1.07	0.35	3.31	0.900
	MDR+INJ resistance	1.15	0.60	2.20	0.674	0.95	0.47	1.90	0.874
	XDR	2.05	1.14	3.68	0.016	2.41	1.28	4.54	0.007
Includes INJ, no FQ	MDR	2.16	0.78	6.00	0.138	3.39	1.17	9.81	0.024
	MDR+FQ resistance	1.10	0.14	7.33	0.990	0.73	0.10	5.48	0.762
	MDR+INJ resistance	4.08	0.56	29.53	0.164	2.30	0.29	17.98	0.428
	XDR	0.74	0.10	5.42	0.768	0.26	0.03	2.06	0.202
No INJ, no FQ	MDR	8.23	4.84	14.01	<0.001	8.74	4.84	15.77	0.000
	MDR+FQ resistance	Empty
	MDR+INJ resistance	1.13	0.81	1.93	0.310	1.20	0.77	1.87	0.419
	XDR	2.82	0.87	9.07	0.083	3.78	1.13	12.65	0.031

*Including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, chronic liver condition, other immunocompromised conditions (including autoimmune disorders) and cancer.
†Variable with a limited number of observations were not included into Cox multivariable regression model.
‡Interaction term between treatment regimen and resistance pattern used in the unadjusted and the adjusted analyses.
INJ, second-line injectable drugs; MDR, multidrug resistance, no additional resistance to FQs or injectables; FQ, fluoroquinolones; XDR, extensive drug resistance.