Final multivariable model: relationship between 1 and 5 µm bioaerosol production and baseline characteristics across all groups
| Risk factor | Number of study participants | Low-particle producers n (%) | High-particle producers n (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Crude OR p value | Adjusted OR* (95% CI) | Adjusted OR p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthy/uninfected controls | 83 | 59 (71.1) | 24 (28.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Healthy/Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected | 27 | 13 (48.2) | 14 (51.9) | 2.6 (1.2 to 5.8) | 0.021 | 2.5 (1.0 to 6.5) | 0.062 |
| Extrathoracic TB | 11 | 5 (45.5) | 6 (54.6) | 3.1 (0.9 to 11.3) | 0.086 | 2.7 (0.6 to 12.0) | 0.184 |
| Intrathoracic TB | 63 | 19 (30.2) | 44 (69.8) | 4.5 (2.3 to 8.6) | <0.001 | 3.5 (1.6 to 7.8) | 0.002 |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 81 | 39 (48.2) | 42 (51.9) | 1 | |||
| Female | 107 | 58 (54.2) | 49 (45.8) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.9) | 0.823 | ||
| Age group | |||||||
| 18–29 | 70 | 41 (58.6) | 29 (41.4) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 30–39 | 56 | 30 (53.6) | 26 (46.4) | 1.2 (0.6 to 2.3) | 0.614 | 1.3 (0.7 to 2.6) | 0.458 |
| 40–49 | 38 | 13 (34.2) | 25 (65.8) | 3.4 (1.6 to 7.3) | 0.002 | 6.0 (2.5 to 14.2) | <0.001 |
| ≥50 | 21 | 12 (57.1) | 9 (42.9) | 2.1 (0.8 to 5.1) | 0.121 | 2.2 (0.9 to 5.8) | 0.096 |
| Ethnicity | |||||||
| White | 94 | 62 (66.0) | 32 (34.0) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Non-white | 89 | 33 (37.1) | 56 (62.9) | 2.93 (1.68 to 5.12) | <0.001 | 2.2 (1.0 to 4.7) | 0.045 |
| Current smoking status | |||||||
| Non-smoker | 109 | 53 (48.6) | 56 (51.4) | 1 | |||
| Smoker | 79 | 44 (55.7) | 35 (44.3) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.8) | 0.913 | ||
*adjusted for age and ethnicity; adjusted for clustering between repeat measurement sessions within individuals.