Results from the comprehensive respiratory assessment over the first 18 months
| Exercise/symptom domain | Exacerbation domain | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| RV/TLC (%) | 64 (11) | COPD-related admissions | 0.9 (1.4) |
| RV (% predicted) | 213 (27) | Antibiotics courses | 5.1 (4.4) |
| Hyperinflation* | 59% | Oral steroid courses | 5.0 (4.4) |
| TLCO (% predicted) | 38 | Blood eosinophilia† | 33% |
| ISWT (m) | 140 | Sputum culture positive | 38% |
| QMVC (% predicted) | 45 (24) | Flu vaccination | 94% |
| MRC dyspnoea score | 4 (IQR 4–4) | Pneumonia vaccine | 84% |
| Previous PR attendance | 71% | Maintenance oral steroids | 11% |
| Exercise desaturation‡ | 51% | Maintenance antibiotics | 21% |
| CAT score | 25.5 (6.3) | ||
| Comorbidity domain | Prognostic indicator domain | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Other comorbidity | 76% | Pack years (years) | 39 (16) |
| Abnormal BNP§ | 22% | Current smokers | 25% |
| Framingham risk score | Long-term oxygen therapy | 35% | |
| Low (<10%) | 46% | ‘Surprise’ question (% no) | 23% |
| Intermediate (11–20%) | 36% | BMI <21 kg/m2 | 32% |
| High (>20) | 18% | Nutritional depletion¶ | 53% |
| Sarcopenia** | 64% | iBODE†† | 7.3 (1.1) |
| Osteoporosis‡‡ | 14% | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.3 (7.4) | ||
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 25% | ||
| HADS anxiety >10§§ | 33% | ||
| HADS depression >10§§ | 27% | ||
Figures for events refer to the preceding 12 months. Bone mineral and lean mass measured from DEXA. Lung volume measurements measured using body plethysmography (n=71).
*Residual volume >150% predicted and RV/TLC >55% (calculated as proportion of total population of 121 subjects).
†Blood eosinophil count >0.4×109.
‡≥4% desaturation on exertion.
§>95% upper limit of CI.
¶Nutritional depletion: FFMI <15 kg/m2 (women)/<17 kg/m2 (men) or BMI <21 kg/m2 (5).
**SMI calculated as the height normalised sum of appendicular lean mass. Sarcopenia defined as SMI <7.23 (men) or <5.67 (women) (5).
††Mean (SD) iBODE score.12
‡‡T score ≤−2.5.
§§HADS anxiety or depression scores >10.
BMI, body mass index; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; CAT, COPD assessment test; DEXA, dual emission X-ray absorptiometry; FFMI, fat-free mass index; HADS, hospital anxiety and depression score; iBODE, Body mass index, airflow Obstruction, Dyspnoea, and Exercise; ISWT, incremental shuttle walking test; MRC, Medical Research Council; PR, pulmonary rehabilitation; QMVC, reduced maximum voluntary quadriceps contraction strength; RV, residual volume; SRS, skeletal muscle index; TLC, total lung capacity; TLCO, transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide.