Characteristics of participants in the Copenhagen General Population Study (2003–2013) among a total of 13 591 individuals with COPD
| Population | p Values for observational (‘Tertiles’) and genetic (‘Genotype’) associations with possible confounders | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fibrinogen | CRP | α1-Antitrypsin | ||||||
| Variables | COPD (2003–2013) N=13 591 | Observationally Fibrinogen Tertiles (2003–2009) N=6857 | Genotype Fibrinogen FGB -455, G>A (2003–2009) N=6857 | Genotype Fibrinogen FGB -448, G>A (2003–2009) N=6857 | Observationally CRP Tertiles (2003–2011) N=10 268 | Genotype CRP rs3091244, C>T and/or C>A (2003–2011) N=10 268 | Observationally α1-antitrypsin Tertiles (2003–2013) N=13 405 | Genotype α1-antitrypsin M>S and/or M>Z (2003–2013) N=13 405 |
| FEV1—mean (SD) | 84.2 (19.2) | <0.001 | 0.14 | 0.09 | <0.001 | 0.26 | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Men—% (No.) | 48.0 (6519) | 0.14 | 0.60 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.38 | <0.001 | 0.14 |
| Age—mean (SD) | 66.3 (11.3) | <0.001 | 0.85 | 0.80 | <0.001 | 0.40 | <0.001 | 0.26 |
| Breathlessness*—% (No.) | 15.0 (2039) | <0.001 | 0.50 | 0.83 | <0.001 | 0.46 | <0.001 | 0.24 |
| High household income†—% (No.) | 47.6 (6367) | <0.001 | 0.79 | 0.83 | <0.001 | 0.82 | <0.001 | 0.30 |
| Long education‡—% (No.) | 37.5 (5073) | <0.001 | 0.83 | 0.81 | <0.001 | 0.86 | <0.001 | 0.45 |
| Current smoking—% (No.) | 30.1 (3974) | <0.001 | 0.71 | 0.89 | <0.001 | 0.45 | <0.001 | 0.63 |
| Former smoking—% (No.) | 46.2 (6107) | 0.003 | 0.42 | 0.22 | 0.44 | 0.86 | <0.001 | 0.86 |
| Sedentary lifestyle§—% (No.) | 7.8 (1043) | <0.001 | 0.31 | 0.25 | <0.001 | 0.76 | <0.001 | 0.60 |
The table shows p values for associations with all variables across either genotypes (genetic associations) or tertiles of plasma markers (observational associations), for the fibrinogen genotypes FGB -455 (rs1800790, G>A), FGB -448 (rs4220, G>A), CRP genotype (rs3091244, C>T and/or C>A) and the α1-antitrypsin genotypes (rs17580, M>S, and/or rs28929479, M>Z) and for fibrinogen, CRP and α1-antitrypsin plasma tertiles. See e-tables 2–7 in the online supplementary data for details of all comparisons.
*A score on the modified Medical Research Council Scale, mMRC≥2.
†Defined by an income in Danish Kroner (DKK)≥400 000 before taxes (corresponding to approximately US$65 000).
‡Defined by at least 11 years of education.
§Almost no physical activity in leisure time or less than 2 h of light physical activity in leisure time per week.
CRP, C-reactive protein.