Associations of lung function parameters in preschoolers aged 4.5 years with recent and current residential exposure levels of air pollutants
| FVC (mL) | FEV1 (mL) | PEF (mL/s) | FEF25–75 (mLl/s) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure | Coef | (95% CI) | p Value | Coef | (95% CI) | p Value | Coef | (95% CI) | p Value | Coef | (95% CI) | p Value |
| Base model* | ||||||||||||
| NO2 | ||||||||||||
| Recent exposure† (n=607) | −29.1 | (−71.8 to 13.4) | 0.179 | −27.7 | (−65.1 to 9.7) | 0.146 | 11.7 | (−94.5 to 117.9) | 0.829 | −48.0 | (−131.8 to 35.7) | 0.260 |
| Current exposure‡ (n=561) | −14.4 | (−43.7 to 14.9) | 0.335 | −5.6 | (−31.3 to 20.0) | 0.666 | −8.1 | (−80.2 to 64.1) | 0.826 | 4.2 | (−53.1 to 61.6) | 0.885 |
| NOx | ||||||||||||
| Recent exposure† (n=607) | −19.7 | (−48.3 to 8.8) | 0.175 | −16.2 | (−41.3 to 8.8) | 0.204 | 14.3 | (−57.0 to 85.5) | 0.694 | −26.9 | (−83.2 to 29.2) | 0.347 |
| Current exposure‡ (n=561) | −6.4 | (−21.3 to 8.5) | 0.398 | −1.0 | (−14.0 to 12.1) | 0.885 | −12.3 | (−48.9 to 24.4) | 0.512 | 1.0 | (−28.1 to 30.2) | 0.944 |
| Adjusted model§ | ||||||||||||
| NO2 | ||||||||||||
| Recent exposure† (n=567) | −36.1 | (−80.7 to 8.5) | 0.113 | −32.3 | (−71.3 to 6.6) | 0.104 | −2.6 | (−113.1 to 107.9) | 0.963 | −63.1 | (−150.8 to 24.7) | 0.159 |
| Current exposure‡ (n=524) | −20.8 | (−51.7 to 10.0) | 0.186 | −9.2 | (−36.1 to 17.7) | 0.504 | −22.7 | (−97.9 to 52.4) | 0.553 | −6.4 | (−66.6 to 53.8) | 0.835 |
| NOx | ||||||||||||
| Recent exposure† (n=567) | −23.9 | (−53.6 to 5.7) | 0.113 | −19.1 | (−45.0 to 6.8) | 0.148 | 5.9 | (−67.5 to 79.4) | 0.874 | −35.9 | (−94.3 to 22.5) | 0.228 |
| Current exposure‡ (n=524) | −8.3 | (−23.8 to 7.1) | 0.289 | −1.8 | (−15.3 to 11.6) | 0.790 | −17.8 | (−55.3 to 19.8) | 0.353 | −2.9 | (−33.0 to 27.2) | 0.849 |
*Base model adjusted for area of study, child's sex, and child`s age, height and weight at assessment and ethnic background.
†One-year average before lung function testing.
‡One-week average before lung function testing.
§Base model further adjusted for birth weight, maternal social class, maternal education level, maternal smoking in pregnancy and paternal smoking in pregnancy, environmental tobacco smoke 0–14 months, and lower respiratory tract infections 0–14 months.
Coef (95% CI), Coefficient and 95% CI for an IQR increase in exposure estimated by linear regression models.
NO2, nitrogen dioxide; NOX, nitrogen oxides; PEF, peak expiratory flow.