Spirometry and MBW parameters in HCs and PCD
| HCs (n=70) | PCD (n=38) | PCD with chest CT scan (n=30) | p Value for comparison HCs vs all PCD* | p Value for comparison HCs vs PCD with chest CT* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FEV1 z-score | 0.15 (−0.46 to 0.64) | −1.54 (−2.1 to −0.43) | −1.60 (−2.11 to −0.33) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| FEV1/FVC z-score | −0.16 (−0.91 to 0.40) | −1.52 (−2.20 to −1.01) | −1.62 (−2.10 to −1.15) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| FEF25–75 z-score | −0.39 (−0.91 to 0.42) | −1.99 (−2.68 to −0.61) | −2.18 (−2.68 to −1.28) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LCI | 7.1 (6.7 to 7.5) | 9.48 (8.28 to 10.92) | 9.48 (8.42 to 11.59) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| LCI z-score | 0.17 (−0.54 to 0.67) | 3.58 (1.84 to 5.70) | 3.58 (2.03 to 6.69) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Scond×VT | 0.011 (0.006 to 0.018) | 0.057 (0.036 to 0.078) | 0.060 (0.036 to 0.080) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Scond×VT z-score | −0.21 (−0.74 to 0.55) | 4.68 (2.45 to 6.90) | 4.93 (2.45 to 7.12) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Sacin×VT | 0.044 (0.034 to 0.063) | 0.079 (0.034 to 0.116) | 0.079 (0.036 to 0.116) | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Sacin×VT z-score | −0.27 (−0.65 to 0.49) | 1.17 (−0.64 to 2.58) | 1.11 (−0.58 to 2.50) | 0.009 | 0.005 |
All results are expressed as median (IQR). Significant differences are marked in bold.
*Mann–Whitney.
HC, healthy control; LCI, Lung Clearance Index; MBW, multiple breath washout; PCD, primary ciliary dyskinesia; VT, tidal volume.