Demographic, clinical, functional and radiological characteristics of participants
| COPD (n=23) | Smokers (n=20) | Non-smokers (n=20) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 64.8±9.7 | 54.6±10.5 | 61.2±18.2 | 0.023 |
| Gender (M/F), n | 21/2 | 13/7 | 7/13 | 0.0001 |
| Smoking history | ||||
| Pack/year, median (IQR) | 60 (40–75) | 35 (30–50) | 0 | 0.03* |
| Current smokers (%) | 39% | 85% | 0 | N/A |
| Lung function | ||||
| FEV1/FVC | 55.1±11.2 | 76.9±4.1 | 81.47±6.6 | <0.0001 |
| FEV1% | 67.3±17.6 | 94.8±21.4 | 96.5±17.1 | 0.0002 |
| FVC% | 92.4±19 | 98.1±22.4 | 96±18.3 | 0.548 |
| Tlco % | 58.6±13.5 | 78.4±18.6 | 81.4±18.7 | 0.002 |
| Kco % | 66.3±15 | 79.8±11 | 82.3±9.7 | 0.006 |
| MEF %, median (IQR) | 26 (20.3–38) | 83 (69–96) | 96 (88.5–103) | <0.0001 |
| Chest CT scan | ||||
| Presence of emphysematous changes, n (%) | 19 (82.6%) | 8 (40%) | 0 | 0.023* |
| Visual scoring of emphysema (tES) | 1.76±1.3 | 0.5±0.52 | 0 | 0.001* |
| Quantitative scoring, median (IQR) | 1.99 (0.4–5.65) | 0.29 (0.16–0.43) | 0 | 0.012* |
*Mann–Whitney test.
FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; Kco, carbon monoxide transfer coefficient; MEF, maximum expiratory flow; tES, total emphysema score; Tlco, carbon monoxide lung transfer factor.