Did not experience exacerbation in the past 12 months | Experienced exacerbation in the past 12 months | p Value* | |
---|---|---|---|
N=3249 | N=130 | ||
Demographics | |||
Age, mean(SD) | 56.43 (10.6) | 55.02 (10.8) | 0.140 |
Male, n (%) | 1426 (43.9) | 44 (33.85) | 0.024 |
BMI, mean(SD) | 27.7 (5.6) | 27.9 (5.6) | 0.711 |
Education, mean(SD) | 15.61 (3.4) | 14.85 (3.6) | 0.271 |
Smoking of cigarettes | |||
Smoking status, n (%) | |||
Never | 1588 (48.9) | 80 (61.5) | 0.005 |
Former | 1238 (38.1) | 61 (46.9) | 0.043 |
Current | 350 (10.8) | 19 (14.6) | 0.169 |
Pack years of cigarettes, mean(SD) | 19.88 (19.35) | 17.6 (18.1) | 0.302 |
Passive smoking, n (%) | 266 (8.19) | 11 (8.46) | 0.911 |
Worked in dusty job (>1 years), n (%) | 826 (25.42) | 41 (31.5) | 0.118 |
Respiratory symptoms, n (%) | |||
Chronic cough | 260 (8.0) | 23 (17.7) | <0.001 |
Chronic phlegm | 180 (5.5) | 18 (13.9) | <0.001 |
Wheezing | 562 (17.3) | 83 (63.9) | <0.001 |
Breathlessness | 616 (18.96) | 117 (90.0) | <0.001 |
Pulmonary function | |||
% Δ FEV1i†>12%, n (%) | 2950 (90.8) | 115 (88.5) | <0.001 |
Post-BD FEV1 (L), mean(SD) | 3.00 (0.79) | 2.84 (0.69) | 0.011 |
Post-BD FVC (L), mean(SD) | 3.80 (1.02) | 3.60 (0.86) | 0.011 |
Post-BD % Predicted FEV1 (L), mean (SD) | 99.09 (14.8) | 96.92 (14.4) | <0.001 |
Post-BD % predicted FVC (L), mean (SD) | 94.16 (14.7) | 92.69 (14.7) | 0.001 |
Post-BD FEV1/FVC, mean (SD) | 79.15 (4.7) | 79.21 (4.7) | 0.890 |
*%Δ FEV1i=(post FEV1 – pre FEV1)/pre FEV1.
†p Value is calculated for comparison between no exacerbation and exacerbation groups by Kruskal Wallis and χ2 tests.
BD, bronchodilator; BMI, body mass index; DDX, self-reported doctor's diagnosis.