Host and bacterial factors in ICU patients treated with intravenous (iv) β-lactam monotherapy and β-lactam plus macrolide/quinolone
| β-lactam iv only (n=147) | β-lactam iv+macrolide/quinolone (n=25) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| Mean | 63.7 | 57.8 | 0.09 |
| ≥65 | 72 (49.0) | 10 (40.0) | 0.40 |
| <65 | 75 (51.0) | 15 (60.0) | |
| Sex | |||
| Men | 69 (46.9) | 12 (48.0) | 0.92 |
| Heart disease | |||
| Yes | 43 (29.3) | 3 (12.0) | 0.08 |
| No | 82 (55.8) | 19 (76.0) | |
| N/S | 22 (15.0) | 3 (12.0) | |
| Liver disease | |||
| Yes | 16 (10.9) | 0 (0) | 0.13 |
| No | 110 (74.8) | 23 (92.0) | |
| N/S | 21 (14.3) | 2 (8.0) | |
| Renal disease | |||
| Yes | 9 (6.1) | 2 (8.0) | 0.69 |
| No | 114 (77.6) | 21 (84.0) | |
| N/S | 24 (16.3) | 2 (8.0) | |
| Serotype category according to case-fatality rate† | |||
| High | 55 (37.4) | 7 (28.0) | 0.07* |
| Medium | 53 (36.1) | 9 (36.0) | |
| Low | 22 (15.0) | 8 (32.0) | |
| Penicillin non-susceptible‡ | |||
| Yes | 4 (2.7) | 1 (4.0) | 0.55 |
| No | 143 (97.3) | 24 (96.0) | |
*p Value for trend.
†Serotypes classified as associated with low (serotype 1, 4, 5, 7F, 8), medium (serotypes 9V, 12F, 14, 22F) and high (serotypes 3, 6A, 6B, 9N, 19A, 19F, 23F) case fatality rate in a recent meta-analysis.9
‡Non-susceptibility for penicillin was defined as minimal inhibitory concentration ≥0.12 mg/l and for erythromycin a zone diameter of ≤21 mm.22