Incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults in Europe
| Study | Country; region | Study period | CAP incidence (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall population | |||
| Almirall et al38 | Spain; east coast | 1 November 1999–30 November 2000 | Per 1000 population >14 years: 1.54 |
| Gutierrez et al39 | Spain; Alicante | 15 October 1999–14 October 2001 | Per 1000 person-years: Overall, 1.230 |
| Men, 1.556 | |||
| Women, 0.911 | |||
| Rodriguez et al42 | UK; national | 1 January 2000–31 December 2005 | Primary care patients, per 1000 person-years: Overall, 1.07 (1.04 to 1.09) |
| Women, 0.93 (0.89 to 0.96) | |||
| Men, 1.22 (1.18 to 1.26) | |||
| Viegi et al37* | Italy; national | 15 February 1999–14 February 2000 | Annual incidence per 1000 population: Overall, 1.703 |
| Males, 1.692 | |||
| Females, 1.713 | |||
| Vila-Corcoles et al16 | Spain; Tarragona | 1 January 2002–30 April 2005 | Age ≥65 years, per 1000 person-years: Overall, 14.0 (12.7 to 15.3) |
| Men, 19.2 (17.1 to 21.6) | |||
| Women, 10.0 (8.6 to 11.5) | |||
| Hospitalisation for CAP | |||
| Bewick et al41 | UK; Nottingham | September 2008–September 2010 | Per 1000 population ≥16 years: Overall, 1.097 |
| Ewig et al36 | Germany; national | 2005 and 2006 | Per 1000 population/year ≥18 years: 2005, 2.75 2006, 2.96 |
| Mean incidence: Men, 3.21 Women, 2.52 | |||
| Kornum et al17 | Denmark; Copenhagen and Aarhus | December 1993–April 2008 | Per 1000 person-years, >50 years: Men, 4.2 Women, 3.4 |
| Kornum et al18 | Denmark; Copenhagen and Aarhus | December 1993–April 2008 | Per 1000 person-years, >50 years: Men, 4.25 Women, 3.28 |
| Patients with COPD | |||
| Müllerova et al19 | UK; England and Wales | 1 January 1996–31 December 2005 | Per 1000 patient-years: Overall, 22.4 (21.7 to 23.2) |
| Women, 21.4 (20.4 to 22.5) | |||
| Men, 23.1 (22.1 to 24.2) | |||
| Immunocompromised individuals | |||
| Perez-Sola et al40† | Spain; national | February 2000–January 2006 | Patients with rheumatic diseases treated with TNF antagonists, per 1000 patient-years: 5.97 (4.87 to 7.25) |
| HIV-infected individuals | |||
| Bénard et al24 | France; Aquitaine | 2000–2007 | Per 1000 patient-years: Overall: 12.0 (9.9 to 14.0) |
| Curran et al25 | Spain; Barcelona | January 2000–December 2005 | Cases/1000 patients/year: |
| 2000, 30.90 | |||
| 2001, 31.80 | |||
| 2002, 25.70 | |||
| 2003, 21.90 | |||
| 2004, 20.50 | |||
| 2005, 24.00 | |||
| Le Moing et al26 | France; national | May 1997–December 2001 | Hospitalisation for first episode of bacterial pneumonia in protease inhibitor-treated patients: 8/1000 patient-years (3–13) |
| Madeddu et al27‡ | Italy; northern Sardinia | January 1999–December 2004 | Per 1000 inpatients/year: 1999, 177 |
| 2004, 280 | |||
| Saindou et al29 | France; Lyon | 1993–2004 | Pneumococcal pneumonia, per 1000 patient-years: Cohort followed 1993–1 July 1996 (pre-HAART), 10.6 (5.4 to 15.7) |
| Cohort followed before 1 July 1996–2004 (pre-HAART and HAART era), 1.5 (0.9 to 2.1) | |||
| Cohort followed 1 July 1996–2004 (HAART era), 2.5 (1.4 to 3.6) | |||
Incidence rates standardised per 1000 population or per 1000 person-years; original study data are available in online supplementary table S2.
*This study included data for 10 children aged <14 years.
†In this study, ‘pneumonia’ included fungal and viral aetiologies.
‡A majority of patients (84%) in this study were also intravenous drug users.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; TNF, tumour necrosis factor.