Adjusted associations between influenza vaccination status and outcomes before and after influenza season
| Period | Age group | Diabetes | ILI | PI hospitalisations | ALL hospitalisations | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRR* | CI | p Value | IRR | CI | p Value | IRR | CI | p Value | |||
| PRE | Working age | DM | 0.95 | (0.92 to 0.98) | 0.000 | 0.99 | (0.76 to 1.28) | 0.939 | 0.78 | (0.73 to 0.83) | 0.000 |
| Elderly | DM | 0.76 | (0.73 to 0.79) | 0.000 | 0.58 | (0.47 to 0.72) | 0.000 | 0.70 | (0.67 to 0.74) | 0.000 | |
| No DM | 0.71 | (0.69 to 0.74) | 0.000 | 0.61 | (0.49 to 0.77) | 0.000 | 0.65 | (0.62 to 0.68) | 0.000 | ||
| POST | Working age | DM | 1.06 | (1.03 to 1.09) | 0.000 | 0.76 | (0.55 to 1.04) | 0.085 | 0.69 | (0.65 to 0.74) | 0.000 |
| Elderly | DM | 0.89 | (0.85 to 0.93) | 0.000 | 0.39 | (0.31 to 0.50) | 0.000 | 0.62 | (0.59 to 0.65) | 0.000 | |
| No DM | 0.93 | (0.89 to 0.97) | 0.000 | 0.48 | (0.36 to 0.62) | 0.000 | 0.60 | (0.57 to 0.64) | 0.000 | ||
*IRR, incidence rate ratio (vaccinated vs not vaccinated), adjusted for sex, age (20-year age bands), income (upper vs lower), pneumococcal vaccination receipt, number of medical visits in the previous year, number of minor ADGs in the previous 2 years, number of major ADGs in the previous 2 years, month and year. p=0.000 refers to p<0.001.
ALL, All-cause hospitalisations; DM, Diabetes mellitus; ILI, Influenza-like illness; PI, Pneumonia and influenza hospitalizations; POST, Post-season period from the end of influenza season until June 30 each year; PRE, Pre-season period from October to the beginning of influenza season.