Table 2

Factors associated with death within 90 days of surgery

	Overall N=10991		Died within 90 days of surgery (n=647)
	n	%	n	%	OR	95% CI	Adjusted OR*	95% CI
Sex
Women	4824	43.9	210	4.4	1.00		1.00
Men	6167	56.1	437	7.1	1.68	1.42 to 1.98	1.37	1.15 to 1.63
						p<0.0001		p=0.0004
Age group
<55	1008	9.2	35	3.5	0.46	0.32 to 0.67	0.46	0.32 to 0.68
55–59	1090	9.9	45	4.1	0.55	0.39 to 0.77	0.53	0.37 to 0.75
60–64	1847	16.8	63	3.4	0.45	0.33 to 0.61	0.44	0.32 to 0.59
65–69	2128	19.4	105	4.9	0.63	0.49 to 0.82	0.61	0.47 to 0.79
70–74	2226	20.3	162	7.3	1.00		1.00
75–79	1828	16.6	150	8.2	1.14	0.90 to 1.44	1.19	0.94 to 1.51
80–84	730	6.6	69	9.5	1.33	0.99 to 1.79	1.46	1.07 to 1.98
85+	134	1.2	22	16.4	2.50	1.54 to 4.06	2.84	1.71 to 4.71
						p<0.0001**		p<0.0001**
Ethnicity
White	8983	81.7	510	5.7	1.00		1.00
Black	82	0.7	1	1.2	0.21	0.03 to 1.48	0.21	0.03 to 1.51
Asian	112	1.0	3	2.7	0.46	0.14 to 1.44	0.45	0.14 to 1.46
Other	77	0.7	3	3.9	0.67	0.21 to 2.14	0.71	0.22 to 2.31
Missing	1737	15.8	130	7.5	1.34	1.10 to 1.64	1.46	1.19 to 1.80
						p=0.0030		p=0.0005
Townsend quintile
1	1343	12.2	66	4.9	1.00		1.00
2	1602	14.6	86	5.4	1.10	0.79 to 1.53	1.12	0.80 to 1.57
3	1609	14.6	98	6.1	1.25	0.91 to 1.73	1.35	0.97 to 1.88
4	1723	14.6	119	6.9	1.44	1.05 to 1.96	1.59	1.16 to 2.19
(most deprived) 5	2074	15.7	132	6.4	1.32	0.97 to 1.78	1.45	1.06 to 1.99
Missing	2640	18.9	146	5.5	1.13	0.84 to 1.53	1.13	0.83 to 1.55
						p=0.0221**		p=0.0028**
Performance status
0	3422	31.1	132	3.9	1.00		1.00
1	2815	25.6	177	6.3	1.67	1.33 to 2.11	1.38	1.09 to 1.75
2	465	4.2	51	11.0	3.07	2.19 to 4.31	2.40	1.68 to 3.41
3–4	108	1.0	20	18.5	5.66	3.38 to 9.49	4.08	2.37 to 7.02
Missing	4181	38.0	267	6.4	1.70	1.37 to 2.11	1.35	1.06 to 1.73
						p<0.0001**		p<0.0001**
Predicted FEV₁
>80%	1891	17.2	73	3.9	1.00		1.00
60–79%	1499	13.6	87	5.8	1.53	1.12 to 2.11	1.37	0.99 to 1.90
40–59%	726	6.6	50	6.9	1.84	1.27 to 2.67	1.64	1.12 to 2.41
<40%	141	1.3	12	8.5	2.32	1.23 to 4.38	2.07	1.06 to 4.04
Missing	6734	61.3	425	6.3	1.68	1.30 to 2.16	1.48	1.13 to 1.95
						p=0.0002**		p=0.0020**
Charlson index
0	5456	49.6	258	4.7	1.00		1.00
1	2791	25.4	171	6.1	1.31	1.08 to 1.60	1.20	0.98 to 1.48
2–3	2233	20.3	176	7.9	1.72	1.41 to 2.10	1.54	1.25 to 1.90
≥4	511	4.6	42	8.2	1.80	1.28 to 2.53	1.53	1.07 to 2.18
						p<0.0001**		p<0.0001**
Stage
IA	2249	20.5	78	3.5	1.00		1.00
IB	3064	27.9	169	5.5	1.62	1.24 to 2.14	1.39	1.05 to 1.84
IIA	334	3.0	9	2.7	0.77	0.38 to 1.55	0.67	0.33 to 1.37
IIB	1494	13.6	102	6.8	2.04	1.51 to 2.76	1.59	1.16 to 2.19
IIIA	933	8.5	80	8.6	2.44	1.77 to 3.36	1.85	1.32 to 2.60
Missing	2857	26.0	209	7.3	2.20	1.68 to 2.87	1.78	1.32 to 2.41
						p<0.0001**		p=0.0004**
Side
Right	5067	46.1	318	6.3	1.00
Left	3930	35.8	219	5.6	0.88	0.74 to 1.05
Other	85	0.8	9	10.6	1.77	0.88 to 3.56
Missing	1909	17.4	101	5.3	0.83	0.66 to 1.05
						p=0.1063
Histology
Adenocarcinoma	3406	31.0	135	4.0	1.00		1.00
Squamous cell	3106	28.3	232	7.5	1.96	1.57 to 2.43	1.38	1.10 to 1.73
NSCLC NOS	1833	16.7	124	6.8	1.76	1.37 to 2.26	1.36	1.05 to 1.76
Other	368	3.3	22	6.0	1.54	0.97 to 2.45	1.14	0.70 to 1.84
Missing	2278	20.7	134	5.9	1.51	1.19 to 1.94	1.08	0.82 to 1.42
						p<0.0001		p=0.0420
Procedure
Segmentectomy/wedge	1671	15.2	70	4.2	0.90	0.69 to 1.16	0.80	0.61 to 1.05
Lobectomy	7051	64.2	325	4.6	1.00		1.00
Bi-lobectomy	431	3.9	38	8.8	2.00	1.41 to 2.84	1.94	1.35 to 2.78
Pneumonectomy	1121	10.2	129	11.5	2.69	2.17 to 3.33	2.81	2.22 to 3.56
Other	717	6.5	85	11.9	2.78	2.16 to 3.57	2.12	1.62 to 2.77
						p<0.0001		p<0.0001

*ORs are adjusted for all other factors for which adjusted ORs are given. All p values calculated using likelihood ratio test.
**Likelihood ratio test p for trend.
FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; NOS, not otherwise specified.