Risk of COPD related to smoking and VGDF exposure for spirometry group
| Unadjusted OR (95% CI) model 1 | Adjusted OR (95% CI) model 2 | Adjusted OR (95% CI) model 3 | PAR% (95% CI)* | |
| Spirometry alone—GOLD 1 and above (197 cases) | ||||
| Exposure measure 1 | ||||
| VGDF exposure | 2.00 (1.38 to 2.89) | 1.84 (1.22 to 2.77) | 1.40 (0.91 to 2.15) | 20.0 (−7.2 to 40.3) |
| 20 Pack years | 2.00 (1.67 to 2.40) | 1.94 (1.61 to 2.34) | 1.90 (1.57 to 2.29) | 45.5 (34.7 to 54.4) |
| Exposure measure 2 | ||||
| JEM exposure | ||||
| Not exposed | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | – |
| Intermediate or high exposure | 1.37 (0.97 to 1.95) | 1.11 (0.75 to 1.64) | 0.88 (0.58 to 1.34) | – |
| 20 Pack years | 2.00 (1.67 to 2.40) | 1.94 (1.61 to 2.34) | 1.96 (1.62 to 2.36) | 46.4 (36.1 to 55.1) |
Includes 571 who had spirometry with complete occupational exposure data (VGDF and JEM) and smoking data. The OR for smoking is expressed per 20 pack years of exposure.
Model 1: unadjusted ORs for the association between COPD and VGDF, JEM-based risk, or cigarette exposure (the identical univariate smoking-associated risk is presented twice).
Model 2: occupational exposure (VGDF or JEM based) OR adjusted for age and sex but not pack years smoking. Pack years smoking OR adjusted for age and sex but not for occupational exposure.
Model 3: Occupational exposure OR adjusted for age, sex and pack years smoking. Pack years smoking OR, adjusted for age, sex and occupational exposure (VGDF in upper row, JEM in lower row).
↵* All PARs calculated from the results in model 3.
GOLD, Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; JEM, job exposure matrix; PAR, population attributable risk; VGDF, vapours, gases, dusts or fumes.