Mean change | Between-group differences (real – sham) | p Value | ||
Real CPAP (n=26) | Sham CPAP (n=24) | Mean difference (95% CI) | ||
Sleep architecture and sleepiness | ||||
TST (min) | 25.2 | 26.9 | −1.7 (−43.2 to 39.9) | 0.94 |
Sleep efficiency (% TST) | 4.8 | 2.8 | 2.0 (−5.9 to 9.8) | 0.62 |
REM (% TST) | 0.04 | −0.02 | 0.06 (0.01 to 0.1) | 0.02 |
Non-REM (% TST) | −0.04 | 0.02 | −0.06 (−0.1 to −0.01) | 0.02 |
SWS (% TST) | 11.6 | 4.5 | 7.1 (−0.04 to 14.3) | 0.05 |
Subjective sleepiness (ESS, scale 0–18) | −1.8 | −1.7 | −0.1 (−1.6 to 1.9) | 0.87 |
Objective sleepiness (OSLER, min) | 4.5 | 3.2 | 1.3 (−2.6 to 5.3) | 0.19 |
Anthropometry | ||||
BMI (kg/h2) | 0.14 | 0.08 | 0.06 (−0.3 to 0.4) | 0.71 |
Weight (kg) | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 (−0.7 to 1.2) | 0.57 |
Waist circumference (cm) | −0.5 | −0.7 | 0.2 (−1.2 to 1.6) | 0.79 |
Clinic blood pressure | ||||
SBP (mm Hg) | −4.75 | −0.50 | −4.25 (−9.60 to 1.10) | 0.12 |
DBP (mm Hg) | 0.41 | −0.04 | 0.45 (−3.38 to 4.28) | 0.82 |
HR (beats/min) | −1.48 | 1.38 | −2.86 (−7.17 to 1.45) | 0.19 |
MAP (mm Hg) | −1.32 | −0.30 | −1.01 (−4.49 to 2.47) | 0.56 |
Bold values are statistically significant (p<0.05).
Data are mean differences from baseline, between-group differences (and 95% CIs) and unadjusted p values. Between-group differences were determined by linear regression. Mixed model analysis was used for outcomes with repeated measures.
BMI, body mass index; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; HR, heart rate; MAP, mean arterial pressure; OSLER, the Oxford sleep resistance test; REM, rapid eye movement; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SWS, slow wave sleep; TST, total sleep time.