Cod liver oil intake in association with cumulative incidence of asthma over 11-year follow-up period stratified by age, family history of asthma or BMI, the HUNT study, 1995–1997 to 2006–2008 (n=17 528)
| Cod liver oil daily intake ≥1 month past year | No. of subjects | Cum. incidence of asthma (%) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)*Model I | No. of subjects | Cum. incidence of asthma (%) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)Model I* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age <40 years | Age ≥40 years | |||||
| No | 7110 | 3.1 | 1.00 (reference) | 7342 | 2.8 | 1.00 (reference) |
| Yes | 1119 | 4.7 | 1.62 (1.18 to 2.22) | 1957 | 4.2 | 1.63 (1.25 to 2.13) |
| Each 1 month intake | 1.04 (1.00 to 1.08) | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.08) | ||||
| No family history of asthma† | With family history of asthma† | |||||
| No | 11241 | 2.3 | 1.00 (reference) | 2391 | 5.4 | 1.00 (reference) |
| Yes | 2365 | 3.3 | 1.63 (1.25 to 2.12) | 535 | 8.6 | 1.68 (1.16 to 2.41) |
| Each 1 month intake | 1.05 (1.02 to 1.08) | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.08) | ||||
| BMI <25.0 kg/m2‡ | BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2‡ | |||||
| No | 6786 | 2.3 | 1.00 (reference) | 7639 | 3.5 | 1.00 (reference) |
| Yes | 1503 | 3.8 | 1.98 (1.44 to 2.72) | 1567 | 5.0 | 1.40 (1.08 to 1.83) |
| Each 1 month intake | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.09) | 1.03 (1.00 to 1.06) | ||||
*Model I adjusted for age, sex, daily smoking, physical activity, education, social benefit, economic difficulties, family history of asthma and BMI, excluding the variable for stratification each time.
†Total number of subjects stratified by family history of asthma sums up to 16 532 due to missing values.
‡Total number of subjects stratified by BMI sums up to 17 495 due to missing data.
BMI, body mass index; HUNT, Nord-Trøndelag Health Study.