Summary of trial characteristics and patient characteristics at baseline. Figures are means (ranges)
| Age (years) | Men (%) | Current smokers (%) | Study duration (years) | FEV1 (% of predicted value) | Subjects with concomitant use of LABA (%) | Subjects with concomitant use of ICS (%) | Withdrawal rate (%) | Lost to follow-up (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N=42) | 64.0 (52.4–67.9) | 73.2 (4.5–98.5) | 37.1 (21.7–100) | 1.2 (0.5–4) | 44.4 (34.4–86.6) | 33.3 (3.0–60.1) | 47.3 (14.0–83.2) | 27.9 (0.8–59.0) | 1.5 (0.0–8.6) |
| Stratified by treatment* | |||||||||
| TIO-SMI (n=3) | 64.9 (64.8–65.0) | 76.4 (74.2–77.5) | 36.0 (35.8–36.3) | 1 (–) | 45.5 (45.3–46.0) | 41.5 (29.7–53.4) | 54.9 (53.7–56.1) | 17.1 (16.0–20.4) | 1.3 (1.1–1.7) |
| TIO-HH (n=12) | 64.4 (62.9–67.9) | 77.0 (56.5–98.5) | 33.2 (24.1–58.4) | 1.2 (0.5–4) | 45.3 (34.4–50.0) | 42.5 (17.5–53.8) | 59.1 (42.4–75.3) | 24.3 (14.7–42.0) | 1.1 (0.2–2.1) |
| LABA (n=19) | 63.7 (60.0–65.7) | 72.0 (54.0–80.6) | 39.3 (34.5–55.0) | 1 (0.5–3) | 43.9 (36.0–53.8) | 27.0 (3.0–54.5) | 37.3 (14.0–57.0) | 25.2 (10.0–43.5) | 1.1 (0.4–3.0) |
| LABA-ICS (n=17) | 64.3 (63.2–66.2) | 72.2 (54.0–89.2) | 36.5 (21.7–50.8) | 1.2 (0.5–3) | 40.5 (36.0–47.8) | 26.8 (3.0–54.5) | 34.6 (14.0–54.3) | 26.8 (12.2–39.0) | 1.8 (0.0–2.5) |
| ICS (n=16) | 63.3 (52.4–67.4) | 69.5 (4.5–84.5) | 45.8 (27.5–100) | 1.5 (0.5–4) | 44.0 (36.0–86.6) | 29.1 (8.5–56.0) | 44.0 (19.8–83.2) | 33.5 (0.8–43.8) | 2.0 (0.0–8.6) |
| PL (n=34) | 64.1 (52.4–67.9) | 73.2 (4.5–98.5) | 34.9 (21.7–100) | 1.2 (0.5–4) | 44.1 (34.4–86.6) | 34.2 (8.5–60.1) | 52.3 (19.8–83.2) | 33.3 (0.8–59.0) | 2.0 (0.0–6.8) |
‘N’ and ‘n’ represent the number of trials included in the meta-analysis and with each treatment, respectively.
↵* The variables of age, proportion of men, percentage of current smokers, study duration, FEV1% of predicted value, and percentage of subjects with concomitant use of LABA or ICS were calculated by trials of individual treatments. The variables of withdrawal rate and lost to follow-up were calculated by treatment groups.
FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting β2 agonist; PL, placebo; TIO-HH, tiotropium dry powder delivered via HandiHaler; TIO-SMI, tiotropium solution delivered via Resipmat Soft Mist Inhaler.