Table 4

Characteristics associated with OLD among HIV-infected participants only

Characteristic	Unadjusted	Adjusted	p Value^†
Characteristic	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)^*	p Value^†
Age (per 10 years)	1.40 (0.87 to 2.23)	1.40 (0.84 to 2.36)	0.20
Black race	0.34 (0.12 to 0.97)	0.23 (0.07 to 0.73)	0.01
BMI category (kg/m²)
<21	Reference	Reference	0.30
21–27	0.68 (0.32 to 1.43)	0.68 (0.30 to 1.53)
>27	0.58 (0.25 to 1.37)	0.60 (0.24 to 1.53)
Heavy smoking^‡	1.56 (0.73 to 3.31)	1.35 (0.60 to 3.06)	0.47
History of bacterial pneumonia	1.71 (0.89 to 3.28)	1.72 (0.85 to 3.49)	0.13
Antiretroviral use	0.78 (0.41 to 1.47)	0.60 (0.29 to 1.22)	0.16
VL ≥200 000 copies/ml vs VL <200 000 copies/ml	3.49 (1.28 to 9.48)	4.06 (1.41 to 11.7)	0.01

↵* Adjusted for other variables in the table as well as current injection drug use and gender.
↵† p Value for adjusted model.
↵‡ ≥40 pack-years smoking vs <40 pack-years smoking.
BMI, body mass index; OLD, obstructive lung disease; VL, viral load.