Paired comparisons of anthropometric and CT-measured variables at baseline and after a 24-week weight loss programme
| Variable | N | Baseline | 24 weeks | p Value |
| AHI (events/h)* | 54 | 41.0 (27.2–56.3) | 26.1 (14.9–38.0) | <0.001 |
| Anthropometry | ||||
| Weight (kg) | 54 | 107.5±11.8 | 99.7±12.6 | <0.001 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 54 | 44.6±2.4 | 43.2±2.5 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 53 | 116.0±8.1 | 108.0±9.2 | <0.001 |
| Upper airway | ||||
| Length (cm) | 51 | 10.0±0.8 | 9.9±0.8 | 0.325 |
| Volume (cm3) | 51 | 18.8±5.7 | 19.7±6.0 | 0.224 |
| Velopharynx | ||||
| Minimum CSA (cm2)* | 51 | 0.7 (0.4–0.9) | 0.8 (0.5–1.0) | 0.033 |
| Mean CSA (cm2)* | 51 | 1.4 (1.0–1.7) | 1.7 (1.4–2.1) | 0.002 |
| Lateral diameter (cm) | 48 | 1.5±0.5 | 1.7±0.5 | 0.009 |
| AP diameter (cm) | 48 | 0.8±0.3 | 0.9±0.2 | 0.125 |
| Oropharynx | ||||
| Minimum CSA (cm2)* | 51 | 1.1 (0.7–1.7) | 1.1 (0.7–1.5) | 0.978 |
| Mean CSA (cm2)* | 51 | 2.2 (1.7–2.8) | 2.1 (1.5–2.7) | 0.494 |
| Lateral diameter (cm) | 50 | 2.4±0.7 | 2.2±0.8 | 0.220 |
| AP diameter (cm) | 50 | 1.4±0.5 | 1.3±0.5 | 0.057 |
| Hypopharynx | ||||
| Minimum CSA (cm2)* | 51 | 1.0 (0.6–1.4) | 1.0 (0.5–1.3) | 0.763 |
| Mean CSA (cm2)* | 51 | 1.9 (1.4–2.3) | 1.9 (1.5–2.4) | 0.512 |
| Regional fat | ||||
| Mid-face fat volume (cm3) | 47 | 86.1±17.1 | 78.3±15.8 | <0.001 |
| Lower face fat volume (cm3) | 47 | 97.8±34.8 | 89.5±32.6 | <0.001 |
| Fat pad volume (cm3)* | 42 | 3.5 (2.3–5.0) | 2.9 (2.7–4.4) | <0.001 |
| Fat pad distance (cm) | 42 | 3.7±0.6 | 3.8±0.6 | 0.082 |
| VAT (cm3) | 52 | 142.9±36.5 | 117.0±37.2 | <0.001 |
| SCAT (cm3) | 51 | 216.4±53.8 | 184.8±52.5 | <0.001 |
| Hyoid position | ||||
| H–PNS distance (cm) | 54 | 7.5±0.8 | 7.4±0.8 | 0.009 |
| H–Gn distance (cm) | 53 | 5.0±0.5 | 5.0±0.5 | 0.222 |
| H–C3 distance (cm) | 54 | 4.3±0.5 | 4.2±0.5 | 0.021 |
* Data are presented as mean±SD or median (IQR) where data were not normally distributed and non-parametric tests were used.
AP, anteroposterior diameter; AHI, apnoea-hypopnoea index; C3, C3 vertebrae; CSA, cross-sectional area; Gn, gnathion; H, hyoid; L, lateral diameter; PNS, posterior nasal spine; SCAT, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT, abdominal visceral adipose tissue.