Characteristics of study participants
| N | Mean | SD | |
| Birth weight (kg) | 2943 | 3.43 | 0.53 |
| Age (years) | 2943 | 66.1 | 2.8 |
| Height (cm) | 2940 | 167.9 | 9.1 |
| Physical activity score | 2943 | 60.1 | 15.5 |
| Fat mass (kg)* | 2935 | 25.2 | 1.4 |
| Daily energy intake (cal)* | 2942 | 2077 | 1.3 |
| Daily total vitamin D intake (μg)* † | 2942 | 4.38 | 1.9 |
| N | Median | IQR | |
| Pack years smoked | 2932 | 1 | 0.0–22.0 |
| Alcohol consumption (units per week) | 2942 | 4 | 0.4–12.0 |
| Number of rooms for household use | 2934 | 6 | 5.0–6.0 |
| Total N | N | % | |
| Male | 2943 | 1552 | 52.7 |
| Female | 1391 | 47.3 | |
| COPD | 2937 | 521 | 17.7 |
| Smoker status | |||
| Never | 2942 | 1361 | 46.3 |
| Ex | 1209 | 41.1 | |
| Current | 372 | 12.6 | |
| Exposed to tobacco smoke in home | 366 | 12.8 | |
| Social class | |||
| I–IIINM | 2895 | 1195 | 41.3 |
| IIIM–V | 1700 | 58.7 | |
| Father's social class at birth | |||
| I–IIINM | 2760 | 446 | 16.2 |
| IIIM–V | 2314 | 83.8 | |
| Age left education | |||
| ≤14 | 2943 | 543 | 18.5 |
| ≥15 | 2400 | 81.5 | |
| Home ownership status | |||
| Owned/mortgaged | 2943 | 2350 | 79.9 |
| Rented | 567 | 19.3 | |
| Other | 26 | 0.9 | |
| No. of cars for household use | |||
| 0 | 2942 | 330 | 11.2 |
| 1 | 1623 | 55.2 | |
| 2 | 836 | 28.4 | |
| 3+ | 153 | 5.2 | |
| Dietary supplement use | 2942 | 1536 | 52.2 |
| Use of oral or inhaled steroids | 2943 | 234 | 8 |
| Paracetemol use | 2943 | 283 | 9.6 |