Table 2

Grades of recommendations

GradeType of evidence
AAt least one meta-analysis, systematic review or randomised controlled trial (RCT) rated as 1++ and directly applicable to the target population; or
A systematic review of RCTs or a body of evidence consisting principally of studies rated as 1+ directly applicable to the target population and demonstrating overall consistency of results
BA body of evidence including studies rated as 2++ directly applicable to the target population and demonstrating overall consistency of results; or
Extrapolated evidence from studies rated as 1++ or 1+
CA body of evidence including studies rated as 2+ directly applicable to the target population and demonstrating overall consistency of results; or
Extrapolated evidence from studies rated as 2++
DEvidence level 3or 4; or
Extrapolated evidence from studies rated as 2+
Important practical points for which there is no—nor is there likely to be any—research evidence. The guideline committee wishes to emphasise these as Good Practice Points (GPP)