Underlying medical conditions among persons aged 18–49 years with invasive pneumococcal disease and control subjects, Finland, 1995–2002
| Characteristic* | Patients | Controls |
| (N=1282) | (N=12785) | |
| Alcohol-related diseases | 151 (11.8) | 72 (0.6) |
| Asthma or COPD | 95 (7.4) | 314 (2.5) |
| HRA† | 14 (1.1) | 12 (0.1) |
| LRA‡ | 77 (6.0) | 302 (2.4) |
| Hospitalisation for COPD | 4 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 45 (3.5) | 148 (1.2) |
| Haematological malignancy | 25 (2.0) | 5 (0.04) |
| Organ or bone marrow transplantation | 13 (1.0) | 13 (0.1) |
| Non-haematological malignancy | 11 (0.9) | 23 (0.2) |
| Immunodeficiency or rheumatic diseases | 56 (4.4) | 190 (1.5) |
| HIV infection | 10 (0.8) | 7 (0.1) |
| Chronic liver disease | 9 (0.7) | 1 (0.008) |
| Cardiac failure | 8 (0.6) | 13 (0.1) |
| Chronic renal failure | 6 (0.5) | 4 (0.03) |
| Diseases of spleen | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.008) |
| No underlying condition | 923 (72.0) | 12042 (94.2) |
↵* Individuals may have more than one underlying condition.
↵† Hospitalisation for asthma in the past 12 months.
↵‡ Entitlement to prescription drug benefit for asthma or COPD but no hospitalisation for asthma in the past 12 months.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HRA, high risk asthma; LRA, low risk asthma.